Tuesday, March 11 th

1. Tuesday, March 11th Bell Work: Please turn in your homework and log-on to your assigned computer. Go to the class wiki’s “Bell ringers and Agendas” page and click on the link for the Medieval Europe Online Flashcards. Take the first 10 minutes to review the terms using the format of your choice (study table, flashcards, games, etc.). Be prepared to demonstrate your understanding of the terms to the class.

2. Daily Agenda: • Bell Work: Vocab Acquisition • Word of the Day intemperate • Activator: Peasant Life During the Time of Charlemagne • Lecture: Medieval Europe • Exit Slip: Somebody, Wanted, But, So • Political Cartooning: The Late Middle Ages Essential Question: What institutions dominated Europe form 600-1450 CE? Why? What major events and trends helped to bring Europe out of the Medieval era? Homework: Research/watch and take notes on assigned video and complete political cartoon.

3. intemperate– lacking restraint; excessive • If a climate is intemperate, its temperatures might be extreme. If a person is intemperate, his moods might be extreme. Being intemperate is all about avoiding moderation. • Intemperate is a combination of the prefix in- meaning "not" and the Latin temperantia meaning "moderation." When you are intemperate, you are not doing things in moderation; you lack self-control. Click here to hear a contrast between intemperate vs. calm/reasoned in Britain and Europe. Read-Aloud March 11th, Block 1

4. Who is this guy? How does he relate to intemperate?

5. Vocabulary Pyramid: Primogeniture Usury Crusades Serf Vassal Fief

6. Essential Questions: • Between 600-1450 CE did Europe undergo a Dark Age, Middle Age, or Medieval Period? • What institutions dominated Europe form 600-1450 CE? Why? • What is feudalism? • What is Manorialism? • How were the experiences of Eastern and Western Europe alike and different during the Medieval Era? • Medieval Europe

7. Activator: • We talk a lot about events and politics, but what was life actually like in the Middle Ages? • Peasant Life • Was Bodo a freeman or a serf? • What were the obligations and rents owed by Bodo and his family? • Do you agree with the author that peasant life on a manor was monotonous? • An English Lord • What determined seating at the table?How about how guests were served? • How do Medieval table manners compare to modern table manners?

8. Europe Reunites • The Frankish kingdom (modern-day France) was first established by Clovis after his conversion to Christianity. • In the 730s, Charles Martel begins the Carolingian Dynasty and drives back the Muslims at the Battle of Tours • 768 CE – Charlemagne begins expansion of Frankish kingdom • 800 CE – Charlemagne crowned “Holy Roman Emperor”

9. Fall of the Carolingian Dynasty

10. The Norse Invasions • A Germanic tribe from Scandinavia, began a period of exploration, trade, raiding, and settlement from the late 700s until the 1000s. • What would cause a peaceful farming and fishing people to do this? • Primogeniture All inheritance to the first born son. • “To go a-Viking”  Raiding and pillaging • Eventually, they assimilated into the cultures they had conquered

11. Role of the Church: • Why would so many people be drawn to Catholicism? • Monasteries offered a refuge from the Feudal system and provided services to society. • Monasteries served as: hospitals, schools, inns, and publication centers. • Investiture Controversy – Pope Gregory vs. Henry IV (Holy Roman Emperor) in a battle over appointing Bishops. • Why would rulers fear a pope? • Excommunication  denying a follower access to the Holy Sacraments • Interdict  denying sacraments to an entire people

12. Power of the Medieval Church: • The most important power in Medieval Europe was the Catholic Church, the one institution that remained throughout the age. • Popes often crowned kings and influenced their rule • The church maintained a hierarchical infrastructure that helped in maintain strong control over the populace

13. The Byzantine Empire (SS.912.W.2.1) Meanwhile, in Eastern Europe…

14. Iconoclast Controversy (SS.912.W.2.6) • Emperor Leo III bans icons from religious sites • Supported by the Iconoclasts • 60 years later, the Empress Irene allows icon back in Churches as long as they aren’t worshipped. • Finally settled on allowing pictures, but not statues.

15. Tensions with Rome: (SS.912.W.2.6) • Pope vs. Patriarch on Iconoclast Controversy (Council of Nicaea sided with Pope) • Byzantine Emperor refuses help to Pope when Lombards invade Italy. • Pope names Charlemagne (King of the Franks) as Holy Roman Emperor (a formerly exclusive Byzantine title). • 1054 CE – The Great Schism Christian Church splits into Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox. (Pope and Patriarch excommunicate each other).

16. Justinian’s Rule: (SS.912.W.2.4 and 5) • Marriage to Theodora • Fought off major attacks from the Sassanid Empire • Expanded empire to include parts of Italy, North Africa, and Spain • Corpus of Civil Law • Improvements to infrastructure (HagiaSopia)

17. Russian Trade • Forest dwellers, steppe nomads, and Slav farmers traded with each other. • Caravan trade linked Russia with the Silk Road. • Active river-based trade was conducted regionally as well.

18. The Rise of the KievanState (SS.912.W.2.5) • Rus were western Slav farmers ruled by Varangian (Viking) nobles. They established key cities in Kiev and Novgorod as trade centers. • In 980, Vladimir I became grand prince of Kiev, establishing Orthodox Christianity as the state religion, adopting the Cyrillic alphabet, and imitating the culture of the Byzantine Empire.

19. Society and Culture • Poor agricultural land, a short growing season, and primitive technology meant low food production and the prominence of trade. • Cities grew in size and prominence, and artisans became more important than peasants.

20. Russian Religion • Christianity spread slowly in the Kievan state. • Missionaries Cyril and Methodius develop new language to convert the Slavic peoples (Cyrillic) • Pagan customs and polygamy continued until the 12th century. • Church ultimately became a powerful authority (taxes). • As the Byzantine Empire collapses, Moscow will become the “Third Rome” and center of the Orthodox Church

21. Political Cartooning: • What purpose does a political cartoon serve? • How is it different from an illustration? • What techniques to political cartoonists use to make their points?

22. Political Cartooning Directions: • Each of you have been assigned a topic/concept from the late Medieval Era to research and report on. • Watch your assigned video (via the link on the class wiki’s “Daily Assignments” page) or research your assigned topic. • Develop your own position on the topic (i.e., it was transformative, necessary, destructive, beneficial, etc.). • Then, create a political cartoon to illustrate your point of view. You will use this cartoon to present your issue/concept to the class tomorrow.

23. Assigned Topics: • The Babylonian Captivity and Western Schism Victoria, Chris, Zae, Patty • The Hundred Years’ War Deanna, Jacob, Ethan, Izzy • The Little Ice Age/ Black Death McKenzie, Brandon, Erika, Madison • The Magna Carta and Constitution of Clarendon Savanna, Dakotah, Sarah, Cheyann • Christian Anti-Semitism in Medieval Europe Michael, Kes, Zach, Tara • 14th Century Peasant Revolts Michael, Abby, Kayla, Rebecca

24. Exit Slip: Somebody, Wanted, But, So • Complete the organizer today as your ticket out the door. • Pick any two events or situations we discussed in class today and identify what was desired, what conflict prevented it, and how the individual overcame it on the organizer. • Turn in your chart to the homework bin before you leave • Homework: Read Chapter 19 and complete Guided Reading worksheet or take notes on the whole chapter.