1 / 40

Educating Youth for Success: Challenges and Solutions in Juvenile Justice

This module examines the role of schools in shaping juvenile delinquency and aims to educate and instill values in youth. Topics include existing challenges, the impact of grading systems, relevant curriculum, safety concerns, school authority versus student rights, and the importance of success in preventing delinquency.

walstonl
Download Presentation

Educating Youth for Success: Challenges and Solutions in Juvenile Justice

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Juvenile Justice in America SOC 106 Part 9: Schools and Delinquency

  2. Educating youth - begins at home - continues in school - educate / instill values / beliefs a. Responsibility - “in loco parentis” - act as parents / discipline / need (1) Prepare for life - what society wants - we believe best

  3. - want child to be (a) What government wants - meeting of cultures - ethical beliefs (b) WASL - WA Assessment of Student Learning (2008) (2) Mix together - expect all to learn

  4. - hold “dumb” ones back - worse / pass on - penalize not as smart (a) Mental / physical / attitude problem - do not address - only intelligence (b) Parents not caring - will not work with - cannot do the work - illiterate parents

  5. b. Gage success - graduation / scholarship / GPA / SAT’s - college acceptance / status (1) Poor student - further behind (a) Teacher recommends - parents want promoted - failing child / held accountable (b) High school

  6. - until 21 years - school responsibility - dropout at 16 years (2) United Nations: “Rights of the Child” - develop personality / talents - prepare for adult life - national values (3) Importance of success - greater probability - success in life

  7. (a) Anti-achievement ethic - cool to skip - misbehave / get detention - smart off / kicked out (b) Good grades “uncool” - “crab syndrome” - form hard shell - go against system - not even try (3) System / teachers label / categorize

  8. - become delinquent - remedial / special education classes c. Schools - turn youth into delinquent - 60% Hispanic youth dropout - 72% inner-city African-American youth - no education / training = no job (1) Most likely delinquents - chronic underachievers - disadvantages of lower-class

  9. - lack verbal skills / street language - lack parental education - lack motivation (a) Washington state - no different - leave at 16 years (b) Stress WASL (2) Creating delinquents

  10. - constant testing - comparing students - discourage with poor grades (a) Students to mature - leaving high school (b) Leaving peer group (3) Promoting failure - grading system = A/B/C/D/F - objective testing

  11. - closed book tests (a) Middle-class measuring rod - average student = C - above average = B- and up - below average = C- and below (b) Link: school failure + delinquency - low IQ = special classes (c) Middle-class officials - administration / teachers

  12. - penalize lower-class students (d) School failure - label / stigmatize - into delinquency (e) Train lower-class - menial careers • Problem areas - six primary concerns - most schools

  13. a. Self-fulfilling prophecy - tell not going to do well - failure - expectation of others b. Stigma - do poorly - loss of self-esteem c. Student subculture - own values - reward misbehavior

  14. d. Future rewards - benefits at end - immediate rewards e. Grading policy - stigmatized - lower grade - good grade = cheat f. Teacher effectiveness - better teacher = better school - poor school: less money, equipment, books

  15. System alienates - more time = good student - poor get worse - more time = poor student - good suffer a. Irrelevant curriculum - college / work - provide basic skills (1) Algebra / geometry - not to college

  16. - major: not need (2) Relevant - student need b. Place to learn / safety - no. 2 victimization / 18% - no. 1: street / park / playground (1) Delinquency increasing (a) Dangerous: students / teachers

  17. - 12 thru 15 years (b) 68% = robbery - money / clothes (c) 50% = assault (c) Weapons at school increasing - 135,000: guns daily - Baltimore: 50% daily - United States: 151 arrests per 100,000

  18. (3) Correlation - crime / community (a) High in neighborhood - high in school (b) Fighting back - security devices - security (c) Disciplinary codes - attendance / dress / weapons

  19. - drugs / fights - school / home suspension • School authority vs. studentrights - right to “manage” students - teachers right to discipline a. Rights of students - unreasonable search / seizure - privacy / free speech - expression - due process - prayer / discipline

  20. b. Search / seizure - few rights (1) Lockers - school owns - items that interfere (2) Sweep search - reasonable suspicion (3) New Jersey v. TLO (1985) - US Supreme Court

  21. - warrantless searches - reasonable suspicion - physical security (4) Veronia School v. Acton (1995) / Board of Education vs. Earls (2002) - involuntary drug tests: urinalysis - extra curricular activities - must submit c. Academic privacy - records

  22. (1) Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act – 1974 (FERPA) - parental consent - files / records / photos (2) Improving America Schools Act – 1994 can disclose if: - law authorizes - juvenile justice agency - pre-adjudication - other agency: not disclose (police / CPS / etc.)

  23. d. Free speech / expression - 1st Amendment impact (1) Passive - non-verbal - armbands / protest buttons (2) Tinker v. Des Moines School (1969) - black armbands - Viet Nam (3) US Supreme Court

  24. - conduct will interfere - discipline required - to operate (4) Active - Bethel School v. Frazier - 1986 - profanity / obscene gestures - control (5) Hazelwood School v. Kuhlmeier - 1988 - can censor - school publications

  25. e. Prayer (1) Santa Fe School v. Jane Doe - not official (2) Faculty / student participation - voluntary - facilities f. Discipline (in loco parentis) - corporeal punishment - state statutes

  26. (1) Goss v. Lopez (1976) - suspension - unreasonable / excessive / arbitrary (2) Ingraham v. Wright (1977) - reasonable discipline standard - 8th Amendment / 14th Amendment (3) Hearing process (a) 10 days or less - oral / written notice

  27. - denied - evidence explained - present side (b) No delay - time notice given (c) Hearing - almost immediately (d) Pose threat - remove / then hearing

  28. Delinquency prevention - campaigns established a. Crime-free statutes - crime-free zone / weapon-free zone - drug-free zone / safe school zone (1) School transportation - picking up / dropping off (2) Sponsored activities - dances / sports / other

  29. b. Cooperation - juvenile justice (1) Share information - court officials (judge / probation) (2) Monitor students - records / probation c. Developing (1) Crisis prevention / intervention

  30. - teacher training - observe tendencies - policies to follow (2) Safe-school plans - incident occurs - lock / windows / floor d. Strict controls - searches / patrols / no off-campus (1) Zero tolerance

  31. - predetermined punishment - possession / weapon / tobacco - violent behavior / crime e. Security efforts - restrict entry - front desk / sign in - main door for entry (1) Other attempts - cameras / barriers / security officers - 4% = metal detectors

  32. - 15%: serious crime (a) New York City - hand held detectors - greater sense / attendance (b) Undercover officers - attend as students - notify f. Social programs - school climate

  33. - educational standards (1) Improve standards - teaching staff - administration (2) Increase relevance - curriculum (3) Law related - education - legal knowledge

  34. (4) Climate - poor student / better student - upper grades / lower grades - name tags / clothing • Innovative programs a. Life skills training (LST) – 1995 - prevention program - most well researched - 7th grade / 15 sessions - booster: 8th grade: 10 / 9th grade: 5

  35. b. Includes 5 components (1) Cognitive - short-term consequences - minimal: long-term - not useful (a) Immediate negative effects (b) Decreasing social acceptability (c) Prevalence rate

  36. (2) Decision - critical / independent thinking - behavior of media / peer pressure - counter arguments / resist (3) Stress-reduction - lessen anxiety - relaxation techniques - manage stress (4) Social skills - social assertiveness

  37. - resist peer pressure (5) Self-directed behavior change - personal control - self-esteem - identify behavior / change / 8 weeks b. Follow-up studies - effective - inner city / minority - middle-class

  38. DARE - 1983 - Los Angeles Police / LA School District - Drug Abuse Resistance Education - best known - elementary schools - information / refusal - management skills - alternatives a. World wide - 50 states - Native American - military

  39. (1) Feel good program - police/youth interaction - schools support (2) One-year later - more negative attitude - ability to say “no” (3) Ten-years later - few differences - drug attitude - self-esteem

  40. b. Three-year study - Department of Justice (1) No significant effect - $220 million - 75% schools (2) Lost after 6 years - suburban: increased use - Illinois: lost after 1 to 2 years

More Related