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Unit 3, Topic 2 – Settlement Change

Unit 3, Topic 2 – Settlement Change. SETTLEMENT – place where a community lives Settlements do not happen accidently or grow by chance Their location, shape and growth is affected by physical, human and economic factors SITE – land on which a settlement built on

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Unit 3, Topic 2 – Settlement Change

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  1. Unit 3, Topic 2 – Settlement Change

  2. SETTLEMENT – place where a community lives • Settlements do not happen accidently or grow by chance • Their location, shape and growth is affected by physical, human and economic factors • SITE – land on which a settlement built on • The original decision on choosing the site would have been influence by many factors

  3. BESANCON - FRANCE

  4. TADCASTER

  5. ELY- CAMBRIDGSHIRE

  6. DURHAM

  7. SOUTHAMPTON

  8. Water Supply Defence Communications 5 key settlement factors Shelter Aspect

  9. Water Supply – drinking, food, cleaning, transport WET POINT SITES – sites located near rivers, lakes or springs DRYPOINT SITES – sites located above the floodplain

  10. Aspect and Shelter South facing slopes receive more sun > warmer South facing slopes more sheltered from cold northern winds Most settlements began as agricultural

  11. Defence Very important in centuries past High ground, surrounded by river, mouth of river

  12. Communications Settlements grew where rivers could be crossed (BRIDGING POINT) – London, Oxford, Paris Junctions of valleys, gaps through hills Good communications > good trade > markets

  13. Resources Early settlers needed timber, stone. Later on Coal, Oil Also food and precious materials

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