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ASTRONOMY

ASTRONOMY. Chapter 29 Supernovae. Supernovae. Low-mass stars die a quiet death with the occasional nova whimper. High-mass stars – those with masses more than 8 M o – await a very different end . These stars go through a supernova

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ASTRONOMY

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  1. ASTRONOMY Chapter 29 Supernovae

  2. Supernovae • Low-mass stars die a quiet death with the occasional nova whimper. • High-mass stars – those with masses more than 8 Mo – await a very different end. • These stars go through a supernova • Type Ia supernovae are the result of a low-mass star being incinerated. • Type II supernovae is a high-mass star exploding at the end of its’ life

  3. Types of Supernovae

  4. Pre-Type II Structure

  5. Type II Supernovae • Since their life is relatively short, they are seen near where they are born • Only seen in the spiral arms of spiral galaxies where new stars are being born.

  6. One Model • Core of heavy elements begins to collapse. • O and Mg fuse in about 1000 years • Si and S fuse to Fe in just a few days • Fe cannot fuse to heavier elements • The core collapses and reaches the Chandraskhar limit (1.4 M˳) • Matter is added to it. • Temperature climbs into the billions of K

  7. One Model • Fe nuclei are broken into H nuclei (alpha particles), protons and neutrons by high energy photons • This process absorbs energy the pressure decreases and the core collapses – rapidly • In a matter of seconds, the inner core collapses from earth-sized to city-sized. • The core rebounds

  8. One Model • The outer core falls in on the inner core. • The collapsing outer core collides with the rebounding inner core • The shockwave causes the formation of even heavier elements and throws off the outer layers

  9. One Model • The heavy elements that have been formed are ejected into space • Those elements enrich the interstellar gas • Elements heavier than H that make up you, have gone through a supernova • Some stars may have masses up to 60 to 100 M˳

  10. In Summary

  11. Supernova Remnants http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap051202.html

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