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Civil Rights

Civil Rights. Chapter 21 Section 3. African Americans Seek Equality. New direction Equality Change social / economic structures New leaders Attention turned to the North. The North. De facto segregation Exists by practice and custom

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Civil Rights

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  1. Civil Rights Chapter 21 Section 3

  2. African Americans Seek Equality • New direction • Equality • Change social / economic structures • New leaders • Attention turned to the North

  3. The North • De facto segregation • Exists by practice and custom • Harder to fight – because you had to change peoples attitudes • De jure segregation • By law • “White Flight” • moved to Suburbs • Decaying slums • Deteriorating schools • High unemployment • Nobody would hire African Americans

  4. Urban Violence • Race Riots • Watts, Los Angeles • August 11, 1965 • Burned business • 34 killed • 1,000+ injured • 3,000+ arrested • Wanted economic equality in jobs, housing and education

  5. New Leaders • Malcolm X • (Little) • Jailed at 20 • Studied teachings of the Nation of Islam • Black Muslims • Islamic minister • preached Whites the cause of black condition • Separate from white society • advocated Armed self-defense • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gRSgUTWffMQ&list=PLFF894240659A7ACE

  6. Cont. • Broke from Nation of Islam • Went on Pilgrimage to Mecca • Orthodox Islam • Racial equality • Attitude towards whites changed • new slogan“Ballotsor Bullets” • “well if you and I don’t use the ballot, we’re goig to be forced to use the bullet, so let us try the bullet” • February 21, 1965 • Giving a speech in Harlem • Shot / killed

  7. Black Power • James Meredith • (Ole Miss) • 225 mile walk to racist areas • “Walk against fear” • Tennessee to Jackson • Shot by white racist • “We shall overrun” • Develop African American Pride • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjvdHaOqiYI • People began to shift away from MLK’s peaceful ways

  8. Black Power • Black Panthers • Fight Police brutality • Self-defense • Self sufficiency • Full employment • Decent Housing • Vietnam Draft • Unfair ratio • Daycare centers • Free breakfast program • Free medical clinics • Assistance to homeless

  9. Assassinations • April 4, 1968 • Memphis, TN • Hotel Balcony • King is shot = Age of 39 • Shooter = James Earl Ray • Robert Kennedy • That night he made a speech / plea for nonviolence • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6mxL2cqxrA • Killed June 1968 • Jordanian Immigrant= Upset over Israeli support • Riots exploded in over 100+ cities • Flames

  10. Legacy • Civil Right Act of 1968 • Ended discrimination in housing • School attendance increased • Led to better jobs / business opportunities • Greater pride in racial identity • By 1970 • 2/3 (eligible) registered to vote • More elected officials • Affirmative Action • Efforts to hire / enroll groups that have suffered discrimination • Reverse Discrimination? • Quotas

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