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Section Focus 3

1) John F. Kennedy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Ronald Reagan. 2) They all represent issues Clinton has faced. 3) These former presidents each faced an issue similar to the ones Clinton faced. Section Focus 3. Splash Screen. Chapter Focus

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Section Focus 3

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  1. 1) John F. Kennedy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Ronald Reagan 2) They all represent issues Clinton has faced. 3) These former presidents each faced an issue similar to the ones Clinton faced. Section Focus 3

  2. Splash Screen

  3. Chapter Focus Section 27-Roles of the President Contents

  4. Roles of the President • ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS: • Describe the seven major roles of the president. Section 2 Introduction-2

  5. Why It’s Important

  6. 1. As “Head of State”, the president: Ceremonial Duties (page 252) • A. represents the nation at ceremonial functions; • B.is considered more than a politician, but rather a symbol of the entire United States. Section 2-2

  7. Head of State

  8. 2. As “Chief Executive”, the president:Law Enforcer (pages 253–254) • A. heads the 2 million person executive branch; • B. influences how laws are executed through executive orders, presidential appointments, removal of appointed officials, and impoundment; • C. grants pardons, reprieves, or amnesty. Section 2-4

  9. Chief Executive Signing a bill into law with cabinet members

  10. 3. As “Chief Legislator”, the president:Proposes Legislation (pages 254–255) • A. proposes legislation to Congress, usually in the State of the Union Address; • B. must work harder for congressional support when Congress is controlled by the opposition party; • C. may use political favors to gain congressional support; • D. has the threat of the veto Section 2-6

  11. Why do members of Congress pay close attention to the State of the Union message? VIDEO-State of Union! Section 2-7

  12. Chief Legislator State of the Union address

  13. 4. As “Economic Planner,” Prepares Federal Budget the president: (page 256) • A. has gained important economic powers since the New Deal; • B.promotes high employment, production, and purchasing power; • C. is required to prepare the federal budget each year. Section 2-8

  14. Economic Planner

  15. 5. As “Party Leader”, Support Party Leaders the president: (pages 256–257) • A. helps raise party funds and plan campaign strategies; • B. uses political patronage to appoint party members to government jobs. Section 2-10

  16. Party Leader

  17. 6. As “Chief Diplomat”, Directs Foreign Policy the president:(pages 257–258) • A. directs foreign policy and oversees foreign affairs information agencies; • B. has sole power to make treaties, with Senate approval; • C. may make, without prior congressional approval, executive agreements having the force of treaties with foreign nations; • D. has the sole power to recognize foreign governments. Section 2-12

  18. Chief Diplomat

  19. 7. As “Commander in Chief”, heads armed forces the president: (pages 258–259) • A. shares with Congress the power to wage war; • B. makes key military policy decisions; • C. supports war efforts on the home front during wars; • D. may use the armed forces to end disorders or give aid in natural disasters. Section 2-14

  20. Commander in Chief

  21. ROLES

  22. COURSEWORK: • Read 9:2 • Questions 1-6 page 259. • PUZZLE FOR X-TRA End of Section 2

  23. JOURNAL: Section Focus 2

  24. Chapter Assessment 1

  25. 1) President Richard M. Nixon 2) These words represent the opposite extremes of absolute power and powerlessness. 3) Answers will vary, but students may conclude that the situation has not really changed. Section Focus 1

  26. The Buck Stopped There As commander in chief during World War II, President Harry Truman’s most difficult decision may have been whether to drop an atomic bomb on Japan. He knew such a bomb would result in terrible loss of life, mostly civilian. The long-term effects of radiation were also a concern. But Truman believed that defeating Japan would require a full-scale invasion, resulting in a great loss of American lives. Ultimately, Truman ordered bombs to be dropped on two Japanese cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Debate over his decision continues today. TIME For the Record 9-2

  27. 1) John F. Kennedy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard M. Nixon, and Ronald Reagan 2) They all represent issues Clinton has faced. 3) These former presidents each faced an issue similar to the ones Clinton faced. Section Focus 3

  28. Making It Relevant

  29. Commanding the Military  Some presidents, such as Bill Clinton, have had no military experience. In fact, in the 1992 presidential campaign, critics accused Clinton of cutting ethical corners to avoid the draft during the Vietnam War. Discuss the assets and liabilities of having a president with a military background, and one who has not served in the military. Issues to Debate 9-2

  30. AmeriCorps members help provide services including housing renovation, child immunization, and neighborhood policing. They also address community needs in education, public safety, human services, and the environment. They may tutor teens, teach elementary school students, assist crime victims, start neighborhood crime watches, help turn vacant lots into neighborhood parks, provide assistance and companionship to the elderly or those with disabilities, lead community health awareness campaigns, restore coastlines, or respond to natural disasters with emergency relief for victims. Activity: Discuss the AmeriCorps mission and the services its members may provide to their communities. Work in small groups to create a list of local community needs AmeriCorps volunteers might meet. Share your lists with the class. Make a class list on the board of the top community needs. Propose effective methods to meet those needs. Participating in Government 9-2

  31. Jimmy Carter Former President Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn committed to working with Habitat for Humanity in 1984. The Carters tackle projects for Habitat under the Jimmy Carter Work Project (JCWP). The Carters stress that Habitat is not a giveaway program. The JCWP owns the houses and the partner families make payments to the JCWP that go to a local building fund for Habitat for Humanity. Activity: Think about Carter’s statement: “To work for better understanding among people, one does not have to be a former president. . . .” Work individually or in groups to identify misunderstandings or problems in your community. Present proposals that seek to resolve the misunderstandings or problems. We the People 9-3

  32. Theodore Roosevelt President Theodore Roosevelt raised a ruckus with the press in 1906 when he ordered the government printer to abide by a list of 300 words to be spelled according to the Simplified Spelling Board guidelines. Funded by millionaire industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie, the organization crusaded for respellings which deleted, for example, the “u” in “honour” and “parlour,” the standard British spellings. The press challenged the president’s power to change American orthography, and Congress instructed the printing office that all the material sent to its chambers maintain standard British spellings. Roosevelt regretfully withdrew his order in response to the public outcry. The changes eventually came into general usage. Political Profiles 9-1

  33. Gerald R. Ford President Gerald R. Ford is the only president to serve as both vice president and president without having been elected to either office. In an effort to put the Watergate scandal to rest, he pardoned former President Richard Nixon. The pardon created a backlash of negative public opinion. Ford’s popularity rating plunged from 71 percent to 50 percent. People suspected that Ford had struck a bargain with Nixon: Nixon would resign, Ford would become president and pardon Nixon. He never regained the public’s confidence as president. Political Profiles 9-2

  34. Lyndon B. Johnson President Lyndon B. Johnson liked to take a nap every day after lunch and sometimes invited a few top reporters to interview him right up until he fell asleep. These interviews usually began with an impromptu invitation to lunch in the family quarters. Johnson would give an off-the-record talk through the meal. Then he would signal the reporters to follow him to his bedroom, where he would change for his nap, talking all the while. Finally the president fell asleep and the reporters rushed off to report what he had said. Political Profiles 1

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