The neurone Learning objectives: Explain how the neurone is adapted for its function

1. The neurone • Learning objectives: • Explain how the neurone is adapted for its function

2. Learning Outcomes • Label a neurone using key words e.g. axon, mylein sheath, dendrites • Describe the role of a neurone/nerve cell in the nervous system. Name three examples of neurone • Explain how the neurone is adapted to its function

3. Think – Pair – Share Elicit How is this cell the same as an animal cell? Different to an animal cel?

4. How fast are electrical signals? The brain can respond to touch, smell or taste stimuli in just 0.1 seconds, but sound and vision take longer. Nerve impulses travel at up to 320mph and take just0.02 seconds to reach the brain. Engage Initiate

5. What are neurones? nerve nerve fibre Neurones are specialized cells that conduct electrical impulses through the body. A nerve is a bundle of many nerve fibres enclosed within a protective sheath. Nerve fibres are the long axons of neurones together with any associated tissues.

6. Make a model neurone • work in groups of 4 • use the resources available to create a poster and model • you will be judged according to our success criteria: • 1) Scientific accuracy of model and explanation of how it is adapted for its function • 2) Aesthetic appearance • 3) Teamwork Explore

8. 3 = excellent 2 = good 1 = satisfactory

9. dendrites myelin sheath cell body axon Explain What do neurones look like? Neurones are elongated cells consisting of a cell body and long, thin axon. Thin projections called dendrites extend from the cell body and connect with other neurones, allowing electrical impulses to pass from one to the other. The axons of most neurones are wrapped in an insulating lipid layer called the myelin sheath. Why is this important?

10. What are sensory neurones? cell body Sensory neuronestransmit messages from sense receptors, such as the eye or nose, to the brain or spinal cord. nerve impulse from sense organ nerve impulse to CNS

11. What are motor neurones? cell body muscle Motor neuronestransmit messages from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands.

12. Neurones link receptor cells to effector cells. You need to be able to describe the structure of a neuron

13. Elaborate-demonstrate learning Label the neurone- Summarising what you have learnt. Write down how it is adapted to its function

14. The cytoplasm is shaped into a long axon to transmit electrical impulses between central nervous system and effector • Fatty sheath acts as an electrical insulator of the axons, and speed up transmission of electrical impulses. • Branched endings make connections with other neurons or effectors. Dendrite Nucleus Nerve Ending Axon Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Self assess

15. Extend: Motor neurone disease • http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-15005209 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUWbzNEoPI8&feature=related (Very emotive) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m-zuoFtQzfw&feature=related • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0i8NhFKj14 • http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Motor-neurone-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx

16. Extend The Nervous System – Interactive activity

17. Learning Outcomes • Label a neurone using key words e.g. axon, mylein sheath, dendrites • Describe the role of a neurone/nerve cell in the nervous system. Name three examples of neurone • Explain how the neurone is adapted to its function Evaluate