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The Era of Good Feelings

The Era of Good Feelings. Marked by spirit of nationalism, optimism, & goodwill Republicans dominated politics “Good feelings” actually a misnomer Debates over tariffs, the national bank, internal improvements, & public land sales Slavery Republican party would soon split in two.

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The Era of Good Feelings

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  1. The Era of Good Feelings • Marked by spirit of nationalism, optimism, & goodwill • Republicans dominated politics • “Good feelings” actually a misnomer • Debates over tariffs, the national bank, internal improvements, & public land sales • Slavery • Republican party would soon split in two

  2. Era of Good Feelings • President James Monroe • Easily won 1816 & 1820 elections over Federalist opponents • Notable events: • Acquisition of Florida • Missouri Compromise • Monroe Doctrine • Cultural Nationalism • American writers & artists • Gilbert Stuart, Charles Willson Peale, & John Trumball • Parson Mason Weems, Noah Webster,

  3. Era of Good Feelings • Economic Nationalism • Tariff of 1816 • Henry Clay’s American System • Protective tariffs • National bank • Internal improvements • Tariff & bank passed • Monroe thought internal improvements unconstitutional

  4. Panic of 1819 • First major financial panic since Constitution • Caused when 2nd Bank of the U.S. tightened credit to control inflation • State banks closed • Value of money deflated • Increased unemployment, bankruptcies, and imprisonment for debt • West hurt the worst due to land speculation • Bank foreclosures • Nationalist beliefs were shaken • Westerners called for land reform & opposition to national bank

  5. Political Parties • Federalists • Failed to adapt to changing needs of nation • Opposed War of 1812 • Hartford Convention • Soundly defeated in Election of 1816 • No candidate in Election of 1820

  6. Political Parties • Republican Party • Party began dividing due to changing times • Some members clung to old ideals • Limited government • Strict interpretation • Most Republicans adopted former Federalist programs • Large army & navy • Second National Bank • Some Republicans flip-flopped on issues • John C. Calhoun from War Hawk nationalist to states’ rights advocate

  7. The Marshall Court • John Marshall • Appointed in 1800 by John Adams • Consistently favored strong central government & rights of property • Marbury v. Madison (1803) • Established principal of judicial review • Fletcher v. Peck (1810) • States cannot pass legislation invalidating contracts • First time state law ruled unconstitutional

  8. The Marshall Court • Martin v. Hunter’s Lease (1816) • Established that Supreme Court had jurisdiction over state courts involving constitutional rights • Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) • Contract for a private corporation cannot be altered by a state • McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) • Federal government had implied power to create national bank • States cannot tax federal institutions • Federal laws supreme over state laws

  9. The Marshall Court • Cohens v. Virginia (1821) • Supreme Court can review a state court’s decision involving any of the powers of the federal government • Gibbons v. Ogden (1821) • Established the federal government’s broad control of interstate commerce

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