Era of Good Feelings

1. Era of Good Feelings Unit 3.5

2. Everything good? • Era of Good Feelings good side • Nationalism • Optimism • Development of “American” • Bad things: • Panic of 1819 • Missouri Compromise • Factions within the Democratic-Republicans • Sectionalism

3. Education, Art, Culture - American • Republican Mother idea – children should be raised with civic values and republican/American values • Shown in books and art: • Mercy Otis Warren – History of the Revolution • Noah Webster – spelling book/dictionary • Gilbert Stuart’s paintings • Patriotic themes and stories. • 1826 – 50 year anniversary of Declaration

4. American Literature and Sport • Washington Irving – wrote in “American” style • Rip Van Winkle, Ichabod Crane • James Fenimore Cooper – historical romance style • Leatherstocking Tales (such as The Last of the Mohicans) • First American novelist “accepted” by Europeans • Horseracing • #1 Sport • Alcohol in culture. Why?

5. WAKE UP AGAIN! • 2nd Great Awakening • Revivalism • Camp Meetings • Cane Ridge (Kentucky) • Charles Finney • Growth of Baptist, Presbyterians, and Methodists • Middle Class • Deism in early 1800s • Jefferson’s Bible • Thomas Paine’s Age of Reason

6. Fur • On the Frontier, mountain men such as Jedediah Smith explored and learned Indian trails in the west. • Stories of the frontiersmen glorified the adventures. • Increased our desire for more land (Manifest Destiny) • John Jacob Astor – fur trading company controlled the market from the Great Lakes to now Oregon.

7. Transportation Revolution • Improvement on Clipper Ships • Whaling Ships and Whaling Industry • Why Whales? • African-American influence • Roads • Cumberland (National) Road (connected Ohio River and Potomac) • Turnpikes • Roads helped link towns and cities and spread our Market Economy • Canals • Erie Canal • Flatboats • Steamboats • Robert Fulton’s Clermont (1807) • What’s the change?

9. Time to industrialize • 1st Industrial Revolution • Change hand tools and craft shops to machines and factories • Started in the textile industry • Samuel Slater – first factory in U.S. (Memorized plans from Britain) • Eli Whitney – idea of interchangeable parts • Mass production in North • Cotton gin invention in the south

10. Women at Work • Lowell System – Textile Factories in Massachusetts • Why in New England? • Francis Cabot Lowell developed a better power loom • Factory town using young women – Lowell Mill Girls • Why use girls? • How were they treated? • What would change in the future? • Source for some of the first unions and women’s rights movement

11. We haven’t had a Clay slide yet, so… • Internal Improvements (today we call it Infrastructure) • Trying to connect the “Old Northwest” to New England • Resources and agricultural products for factory products • Part of Henry Clay’s American System idea to strengthen the U.S. Economy • Turnpikes, Roads, and Canals • Madison would veto an Internal Improvement Bill • How does that fit into the Democratic-Republican idea?

12. So what’s happening in the South • Why are they not building roads and Canal in South? • Natural Rivers • King Cotton emerges and the Peculiar Institution • Dominated by Aristocratic Planter class

13. Sectionalism • Sectionalism develops after the War of 1812 • The Old Northwest and New England become more reliant on each other in the North. • Issues besides slavery that will divide them • Tariff • Internal improvements • B.U.S. • Seen in Missouri Compromise

14. Democracy Expanded • Alexis de Tocqueville (French) wrote • Democracy in America • Told about changes in America such as mobility and democracy • Equality in society (egalitarian) • During the 1820s and 1830s voting rules would expand to allow more males the right to votes as property requirements were removed (Universal Male Suffrage) • Would change the way elections were conducted in order to appeal more to the common man.

15. End of the Good Feelings • Election of 1824 • Four Candidates get electoral votes • Andrew Jackson 94 • John Quincy Adams 84 • William Crawford 41 • Henry Clay 37 • Since no one had a majority in the Electoral College, the House of Representatives decides the winner.

16. Corruption! • House chooses John Quincy Adams after Clay has his supporters shift their votes to him. • Adams makes Henry Clay the Sec. of State. • What is significant about that position? • Jackson claims there was a Corrupt Bargain between them. • He would spend the next 4 years campaigning for the Presidency.

17. Reflection Questions • How could you say that Eli Whitney caused the Civil War, but also is responsible for the North winning? • How did the Transportation Revolution with Turnpikes and Canals help to link the Old Northwest with New England and their Industrial Revolution? • In what ways was the Era of Good Feelings a great time to live in the United States and in what way was it not so good? • What happened in the 1824 election to make Jackson yell corruption?

18. Links • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLdQ4DUnnw4&feature=related – expansion of US • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tB0MSSh_oCA - project • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVZhJT1tBW4&list=UUZYs757tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=55&feature=plcp – review video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGuneBZAZA8&list=UUZYs757tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=5&feature=plcp – review video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5VkgcJ_0Aw – Era of Good Feelings lesson