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Improvements

Improvements. Make sure the study guide flow chart coincides with the powerpoint , make students give the examples maybe (don’t include on list)! Hang a sugar cube in water and watch it dissolve. It’s a physical change, but it looks chemical! (p.234)

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Improvements

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  1. Improvements Make sure the study guide flow chart coincides with the powerpoint, make students give the examples maybe (don’t include on list)! Hang a sugar cube in water and watch it dissolve. It’s a physical change, but it looks chemical! (p.234) Big difference btwn mixtures n compounds – retain physical properties & separate by physical means Shine laser through solutions, colloids, and suspensions Get better at making smoke colloid for lazer More stress on size of particles for mixture, check on what’s a colloid and about Elephant toothpaste, other catalyst demo?, cut light sticks open, denture cleaner for rate of reaction Smash jolly rancher or other brittle object (peanut brittle), stretch taffy, gummie bear experiment Definition of brittle? Reuse the copper nitrate made in the silver nitrate reaction to make precipitate with (NaOH I think?) Make everything flow! Create a mixture out of stuff, then separate it! You can mix your own nail polish! Look it up!!!! OIL BASED PAINT – SUSPENSION, LAYTEX COLLOID Create notes outline or something…reading guide that goes with this with blanks for more info

  2. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Colloids • Solutions – do blue bottle clock reaction!!! • Boil coke to separate the water out! • Mentos and coke experiment!

  3. Classification & Properties of Matter

  4. Bell Work 11/22/11 – 1 minute New bell work titled “CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER” • What are 5 ways you could classify shoes? • Copy the classification of matter chart into your notes.

  5. Schedule • Friday • Matter Chart • Colloids • Separating mixtures • Index cards? • HW 1- 11 on C &PPP/CQ • Return tests? • Monday • Chemical & Physical Changes • Bonus opp!! • HW • Tuesday • Quiz? • Chemical & Physical Properties • HW bonus!Study

  6. Today you are going to…take notes on the classification of matter So you can…identify each matter type & begin thinking of matter on a chemical level You’ll know you’ve got it when you can • Complete the Matter flow chart and put different substances into the correct category based on their properties

  7. Classification of Matter • Matter is classified based on its composition. • Composition means ______________________ • For next slides, need: • Jello, laser, pop, smoke, • Alcohol & water • Jar of salt or sugar, jar with element in it, solution, colloid, suspension • Make solution of salt, alcohol, and water! • Then separate it! (add sand too)

  8. Bell Work DAY 1 – 1 minute New bell work titled “CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER” • Matter is classified based on _____?

  9. MATTER Pure Substances Mixtures Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture Elements Compounds 1 kind of atom 2+ elements chemically combined NOT same throughout same throughout Solutions Colloids Suspensions On periodic table salt, CO2, H2O, sugar, rust, NaCl (iron oxide) 0.01 – 1 nm particles particles over 1000 nm 1 - 1000 nm particles solute – is dissolved solvent – does dissolving Only 118 known elements! Ex. gold, iron, oxygen, helium Sodium, chlorine Scatter light “Tyndall effect” can filter, settle out latex paint Jell-O mayonnaise orange juice muddy water salt water pop Kool-Aid

  10. What kind of matter?

  11. How are colloids & suspensions different? • Suspensions settle out faster and can be filtered.

  12. DO HW!

  13. Bell Work DAY 2 – 1 minute New bell work titled “CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER” • Practice matter chart with note cards.

  14. Bell Work 12/5/13 – 7 minutes Do 2nd Page of study guide (page before homework)

  15. Today you are going to…take notes on separating mixtures & the types of colloids So you can…separate mixtures! You’ll know you’ve got it when you can • Separate mixtures.

  16. Separating Mixtures • Magnet! • Look at ze magnet! • Filtering – pouring liquid through a porous paper to separate particles based on size • Filter muddy water • Decanting – pouring less dense mixture off the top of a liquid mixture • Decant density rainbows • Dissolving • Chromatography Do it! • Filter paper, muddy water, alcohol & water, mixture with magnet in it, salt & alcohol, hotplate

  17. Distilling – boiling & condensing

  18. Types of colloids • Gel (aka Sol) - solid particles in a liquid.  Jell-O, jelly • Emulsion - two immiscible liquids Milk, mayonnaise • Foam - gas particles trapped in liquid or solid.  Whipped cream, root beer foam, ivory soap • Aerosol –small particles of liquid or solids in gas Clouds, smoke Jello, sodium thiosulfate & projector, soap oil

  19. Emulsions – liquid in liquid colloid • Immiscible – substances will not mix together; ex: oil & water • Emulsifier – enables immiscible substances to mix; ex: soap • Emulsion – mixture of 2+ mixtures that are normally immiscible • Butter, mayonnaise, milk • 2 bottles – one with oil & water, one with oil, soap, and water, pass around have students shake, see what it’s like everyday after

  20. Bell Work – 5 minutes • Two liquids that won’t mix are called ___. • A substance that makes them mix is a ___. • The resulting mixture is called a ____. Which type of mixture is it? • It will scatter light, which is called the _____. • Identify the parts of the equation below. 2 K + 2 H2O  2 KOH + H2

  21. Bell Work DAY 3 – 1 minute New bell work titled “CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER” • Practice making chart!

  22. Today you are going to…take notes on chemical & physical changes and chemical and physical properties. (You’ll also witness some chemical and physical changes.) So you can…tell when chemical reactions occur and how they affect matter. You’ll know you’ve got it when you can • Classify changes as physical or chemical and list possible identifiers for each.

  23. Materials List for Physical & Chemical Changes Clock water (150 mL KOH solution (1 molar), 150 mL dextrose (glucose) solution 0.4 molar, mix equal parts in two bottles just before class, 3-4 drops methene blue solution to one, enough indigo carmen solution to other (enough to get it yellow) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mxuJ8IOHAlk Color changing pencil Bang snaps (high at wall in dark) NaOH and CuSO4 or FeCl3 or NiCl Silver nitrate solution & penny Rust bottle Light stick (2 test tubes) Food! (kid eat it) Ammonium nitrate (or 32g barium hydroxide octahydrate &17g ammonium thiocyanate (or could use ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride)) 18 molar hydrochloric acid Sugar cubes & dental floss, cups, water Mentos & pop? Baking soda & vinegar?

  24. Chemical & Physical ChangesPass 3 Magic Water Bottles Around and magic pencil around!

  25. Chemical Change • A change in which a new substance is formed • Possiblesigns of a chemical change • smoke, gas produced, fire, smell change, sound, light, change in color, temperature change, precipitate forms • Precipitate – a solid formed in a reaction between two liquids (do on next slide) • These are only possible signs. Just because you see them doesn’t mean a chemical change definitely occurred.

  26. Chemical Change • Guaranteed sign of a chemical change • new substance is formed NaOH + CuSO4 CuOH2 + NaSO4 blue  NaOH + FeCl3 FeOH3 +NaCl orange NaOH + NiCl  NiOH2 + NaCl light green

  27. The parts of a chemical equation • Reactants • Products • Yields 2 Na + 2 H2O  2 NaOH + H2

  28. copper + silver nitrate yields silverand copper nitrate Cu + 2 AgNO32 Ag + Cu(NO3)2 • Conservation of matter – matter cannot be created nor destroyed

  29. Examples of Chemical Changes • Iron combines with oxygen to form iron oxide (rust) 4Fe + 3O2 --> 2 Fe2O3 Look at rusty water!! • A light stick – you break it open, the chemicals mix to form a compound which glows. cyalume + H2O2 → trichlorophenol + CO2

  30. Examples of Chemical Changes • A firecracker – loud sound, smell, & light produced as it explodes…no longer a fire cracker! (Firecracker) • Digestion of food (student demo) C6H12O6 (aq) + 6 O2 (g) → 6 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (l) + heat

  31. Examples of Chemical Changes • A rotten egg – It has decomposed. When it rots, there’s a new smell & it’s no edible. • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has formed! Birds need sulfur for their feathers. • Rotten eggs float!!

  32. Endothermic & Exothermic Reactions • Ammonium Nitrate and water- produces an endothermic reaction • the temperature decreases because heat is being absorbed & change into chemical energy NH4NO3 (s) H2O→ NH4+ (aq) + NO3 (aq) • 18 molar sulfuric acid and water- produces an exothermic reaction(thermite link) • the temperature increases because heat is being released. H2SO4 + H2O → H3O+ + HSO4− H2SO4 + Heat

  33. Endothermic Reaction • 32g barium hydroxide octahydrate • 17g ammonium thiocyanate (or could use ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride) Ba(OH)2.8H2O (s) + 2 NH4SCN (s)  Ba(SCN)2 (s) + 10 H2O (l) + 2 NH3 (g)

  34. Speed of Chemical Reactions Chemical reactions can happen slowly or quickly!

  35. Speeding Up Chemical Reactions MAKE THE PARTICLES INTERACT MORE QUICKLY! • Increase Surface Area (Crush the reactants or dissolve them in water) Antacids in film canister or graduated cylinders! • Heat the reactants (heat & cool light sticks!) • Stir the reactants • Add a catalyst a substance that speeds up/slows down chem. reaction CATALYST DOES NOT REACT

  36. Physical Change • A change in which the matter is altered but remains the same substance. • Changes size, shape, or state (phase) of matter. • STILL THE SAME SUBSTANCE(S)

  37. Examples of a Physical Change • Tearing a sheet of paper • Making a milkshake • Melting iron • Melting an ice cube • Boiling water • Grinding & brewing coffee • Making Kool-Aid • Dissolving salt

  38. Materials List for Physical & Chemical Properties Alcohol to burn Wire Mallet Penny Jolly rancher Taffy Syrup Oil Water

  39. Chemical & Physical Properties

  40. Properties of Matter • Property - a characteristic that describes something; what it looks like, what it’s capable of doing • A property can describe how an object looks, feels, or acts. • Two main kinds of properties • physical properties • chemical properties

  41. Bell Work 12/4/13 – 4 minutes • Do # 21-24 on the “Chemical and Physical Properties/changes Questions 2013” worksheet.

  42. Today you are going to…take notes on chemical & physical changes and chemical and physical properties. (You’ll also witness some chemical and physical changes.) So you can…identify a property as chemical, physical intensive, or physical extensive. You’ll know you’ve got it when you can • Answer the questions on the worksheet

  43. Chemical Property • A characteristic of a substance that indicates that it can undergo a chemical change. • describes how the matter interacts with other forms of matter • A chemical reaction must be observed to observe a chemical property • Gasoline – combustible

  44. Examples of Chemical Properties • Flammable - flash point < 100oC • Combustible - flash point of 100oC or higher • Corrosive - will “eat away” a metal • Caustic – will “eat away” your skin • Explosive – capable of making an explosion on its own energy

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