Missile Defense Exercise Planning

1. Missile Defense Exercise Planning May 5 2010 First Annual Israel Multinational Ballistic Missile Defense Conference Presented By: Mr. Ohad Elbahar Israel Missile Defense Organization

2. About the Speaker • Mr. Ohad Elbahar: • B.Sc. In Engineering from the TECHNION Israel Institute of Technology. • MBA from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev. • Served as an officer in the IAF Test Range to conduct the Arrow Flight Tests. • Served as an officer in the Israeli Missile Defense Organization (IMDO). • Active consultant at IMDO for Interoperability.

3. Abstract • Exercises of missile defense can easily become very complicated. • Defining the proper Training Audience, the proper Trainer, the proper systems etc. is very difficult. • Building the exercise infrastructure, the simulation systems, the Intel for the exercise etc. is a real art. • Getting most of the exercise in an organized After Action Review (AAR).

4. Introduction and basic assumption • The Command Structure is defined • Each officer/unit knows who is his commander and who he is commanding

5. Introduction and basic assumption • The Decision Making Process is defined • Who is making what decision, when, with what data and who is providing data. TIME VECTOR

6. Introduction and basic assumption • The System Architecture and Connectivity are defined • Each system/officer knows how and who to connect and communicate to.

7. How to build the exercise environment? Command Structure • Deciding who are the exercise players : • Systems, commands, Headquarters etc. • Deciding who is simulated? • Some Friendly (Not all systems are playing) • External – Public pressure, politics,

8. How to build the exercise environment? Command Structure SIM SIM SIM SIM

9. How to build the exercise environment? Command Structure • Deciding what events to exercise: • Missile attacks, Intel, Logistic, Medicine etc. • Building the Exercise Control Group (ECG): • All Simulated participants • Red envelops of events • Events are handled by the operational Command Structure. • Documentation and data capture • Subjects to Exercise: • How the Command structure behaves? • Information flow between Training audience • Force efficiency utilization. • etc. • Dilemmas: • What events to exercise • What units and forces to include • What is the Intel and threats to include in the events • Etc. SIM SIM SIM SIM

10. How to build the exercise environment? Weapon Systems • Deciding who are the exercise players : • Systems, Units, officers etc. • Building the simulation system / network:

11. How to build the exercise environment? Weapon Systems • Building the simulation system / network • Each system implements a Tactical Driver • One Exercise Driver stimulate all threats • Systems handle the threats with operational assets. Exercise Driver TD TD TD TD TD TD TD TD TD

12. How to build the exercise environment? Weapon Systems Exercise Driver TD TD TD TD TD TD TD TD TD

13. How to build the exercise environment? Weapon Systems • Exercise Driver: • Stimulate a real time threats • Standard Format DIS/HLA • Simulate all enemy threats • Simulate some friendly units • (Not all systems are playing) • Each Tactical Driver receives the threats Exercise Driver TD TD TD TD TD • Tactical Drivers stimulate the adjacent weapon systems • Each system can engage threats and report to the exercise driver TD TD TD TD

14. How to build the exercise environment? Weapon Systems • Deciding what events to exercise: • Missile attacks. • Building the White Cell • Exercise Driver. • Handle by the operational system (and TD). • Documentation and data capture • Objectives of Simulation: • Operators training • CONOPS and TTP • Communication systems and architecture • Force efficiency utilization. • etc. • Dilemmas: • What simulation to use? • Exercise Intel • Integration of simulation • What ifs? • Etc. Exercise Driver TD TD TD TD TD TD TD TD TD

15. Data Analysis and AAR • Two Analysis teams work during the exercise: • Operational Team. • Exercise Team. • The operational team work with operational data to derive operational decision making. • The exercise team have all the data (God’s view) and is examining the operation activities for later AAR. • On a schedule exercise break, the two teams meet to exchange insights and lessons learned to improve the exercise

16. Exercise life cycle • Concept Decision • Training audience Decision • Participants Decision • Events and simulation Decision • Simulation tools Develop • AAR tools Develop • Integration • Execution • AAR

17. Typical Execution Flow 24 Hours • Scenario • Operational AAR • Implementation Simulation Decision Exercise AAR Command • Event • Operational AAR Decision

18. Exception 1 Execution Flow Simulation & command together 24 Hours • Scenario • Implementation • Operational AAR Simulation & command Decision Exercise AAR

19. Exception 2 Execution Flow Exercise and Operational AAR meet 24 Hours AAR Meeting • Scenario • Operational AAR • Implementation Simulation Decision Exercise AAR AAR Meeting Command • Event • Operational AAR Decision

20. Summary • Not all exercise issues can be discussed here: • Benefit of real deployment of assets Vs. centralized exercise. • Exercise together with real life. • Operational • Real assets in the exercise need real life handling. • Applying lessons learned.