1 / 22

Addressing Undernutrition in Children: Strategies and Interventions

This comprehensive guide delves into the alarming issue of undernutrition in children under three years of age, exploring prevalence rates, risk factors, and effective interventions. Topics include the significance of maternal factors, promoting optimal infant and young child feeding practices, and multi-pronged approaches to combat undernutrition. Key areas of focus encompass breastfeeding support, complementary feeding promotion, micronutrient supplementation, and strategies for improving nutrition across various ministries and programs. The document emphasizes the importance of early intervention, community involvement, and coordination among stakeholders to tackle undernutrition effectively.

weisner
Download Presentation

Addressing Undernutrition in Children: Strategies and Interventions

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Issues in Undernutrition

  2. Undernutrition in Children under Age 3 Percent

  3. Undernutrition trend by age Stunted Wasted

  4. Undernutrition trend by age tells a great deal • 30% are stunted and 25% are wasted at ~1month • Not surprising, one third neonates are low birth weight • Maternal factors therefore must be very important • Wasting incidence peaks at 3-12 months • Stunting incidence peaks between 18 mo to 24 months • Act before birth with mother • Act from 1st hour, 1st day of life, through 1st year … • Too late after 24 months

  5. Conclusions: Breastfeeding What works • Individual counseling of mother and family • Group counseling of mother and family / community • Mass media campaigns • Peer support (mothers, women’ groups) • Need multi-pronged approach

  6. What worksPromoting Complementary Feeding In food secure population: Educational interventions In food insecure population: Educational interventions plus Food supplementation Cash transfer/incentive

  7. Low birth weight babies 30-45% among low SE families Account for ~ ¾ of all neonatal deaths 3 times risk of mortality, 22 times risk of being stunted in the first year Have much higher incidence of BF problems, especially <2000g (10% of all babies) Previous BF trainings lay inadequate emphasis of feeding of LBW babies

  8. Continuum of careBF (& beyond) Facilities Do the respective professionals / workers have the required skills? Home • ASHAs • AWWs • TBAs • ANMs • Women’s support groups • Physicians • Nurses • Counselors Lalitpur pilot has useful lessons (BPNI)

  9. Wasting • Acute undernutrition • Often precipitated by illness • Mortality risk twice of stunted • Incidence peaks at about 10-12 months • Needs nutritional therapy and tx of associated infections

  10. Wasting • Severe wasting treated in hospitals, followed by home management • Community-based approaches are also effective • Linked to IMNCI approach – treat as sickness needing referral

  11. Promoting optimal IYCF • When to act • Are we doing enough in the 1st hour, 1st day and 1st year of child’s life? • Are we doing enough during antenatal period? • Are we doing enough for adolescent girls?

  12. Nutrition: s p r e a d across ministries Department of women & child development • Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme • Nutrition Program for Adolescent Girls • Nutrition advocacy and awareness general programs for good & nutrition board (FNB). • National Nutrition Mission • National guidelines: eg on IYCF

  13. Nutrition: spread across ministries Ministry of Health & family Welfare Micronutrients • Iron and folic acid supplementation of pregnant women. • Vitamin A supplementation of children of 9-36 months age groups. • National iodine deficiency Disorder Control Program Energy / macronutrients • Integrated management of neonatal and childhood illnesses (IMNCI) • ANC package • Management of sick children including the severely malnourished

  14. Nutrition: spread across ministries Department of Elementary Education and literacy • Mid-Day meal for primary school children. • Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan • Adult Literacy Program Department of Agriculture & Cooperation • Food Production • Horticulture interventions Food and Public Distribution • Targeted Public Distribution System • Antodaya Anna Yojana • Annapurna Scheme Ministry of Science • Food research • Fortification • GM foods

  15. Nutrition: spread across ministries Rural and Urban Development • Food for work program • Poverty Alleviation Program • Safe drinking water and sanitation program • National rural employment guarantee scheme Planning Commission Overarching role

  16. Principles of convergence • Commitment to national goal and strategy • Consensus on technical contents • Agreed roles and responsibilities • Respect for the role of others • Agreed decision-making procedures • Agreed coordination mechanism • Empowered coordination unit • Agreed procedures of communication • Clarity about who provides the stewardship: who has the final word?

  17. 2. Nutrition related budget: 2008-09 Proposed Budget for Nutrition interventions: 2008-09

  18. 3. KEY NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS: 2008-09 (details)

  19. 3. KEY NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS: 2008-09 (contd.) Monthly Village Health & Nutrition Days/ VHNDs (details)

  20. 3. KEY NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS: 2008-09 (contd.) Biannual drives for child health and nutrition activities • Proposed by Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh • Rs. 36.22 crores budgeted • Bi-annual month long drives for child health and nutrition activities usually cover the following: Vitamin A supplementation; Immunisation; De-worming; Breastfeeding Promotion, etc.

  21. 3. KEY NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS: 2008-09 (contd.) Nutritional support through self-help groups • Proposed by Andhra Pradesh, Tripura, and West Bengal • Rs. 32.12 crores budgeted

  22. 3. KEY NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS: 2008-09 (contd.) Nutritional Rehabilitation Centres • Bihar – 8 existing and 10 new • Chhattisgarh – at 48 CHCs • Madhya Pradesh – 61 in place, and 50 new • Orissa – 2 DHs • Rajasthan – 33 DHs and 2 CHCs • Maharashtra – 663 current, plan for all RH/ CHCs • Delhi – 9 (one in each district) Total budget proposed – Rs. 8.07 crores

More Related