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English Civil War: King Charles I, Parliament, and the Battle for Power

Explore the English Civil War, a conflict between King Charles I and Parliament, fought from 1641 to 1651. Learn about key figures such as Cavaliers and Roundheads, the political and religious motivations behind the war, and its ultimate outcome.

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English Civil War: King Charles I, Parliament, and the Battle for Power

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  1. Warm Up • What comes to mind when you hear the term Civil War? • On a sheet of paper “brain dump” everything that comes to mind when you hear Civil War. • Add to our Web!!

  2. The English Civil War1641-1651 (you say you want a revolution…)

  3. Fighting for the King • King Charles I • Royalists • Cavaliers

  4. Cavaliers • Cavaliers, named because they were members of the cavalry (soldiers trained to fight on horseback)

  5. In Parliament’s Corner… • Parliamentarians • Roundheads • Oliver Cromwell

  6. Roundheads • Fought for Parliament • Roundheads, named for their close-cut hair, very different from the free flowing locks of the Cavaliers

  7. The Back-story • King James I was a big believer in the divine right of kings (reigned from 1603-1625) • He believed that God put him on the throne and as a result, he could rule any way he chose • His son would go on to become King Charles I (reigned from 1625-1649) and thought that dad had a GREAT idea • Parliament had other ideas

  8. Religion • In 1637, Charles I tried to force Scotland to make changes to their church services • In 1639, Scotland objected and mounted a rebellion

  9. Rebellion • Charles I needed to put down the Scottish rebellion of 1639 • You need money to fight a war • Charles needed money from Parliament in order to fight the war • Parliament hadn’t been in session for 11 years (only the king could call Parliament and he didn’t want to hear their complaints)

  10. Parliament • In 1642, King Charles I moved to arrest the leaders of Parliament, but they’d been tipped off and escaped • War was now inevitable

  11. Civil War • The king had the strongest support in the north of England • Parliament’s support was strongest near London and in southeast England • Families were often on opposite sides of the fight

  12. The End • Charles I was defeated in 1648 and executed in 1649 • Oliver Cromwell was named Lord Protector of England in 1653 • Cromwell was not much better than King Charles I • After Cromwell’s death in 1658, Charles I’s son Charles II was “restored” to the throne • Cromwell’s body was dug up and dragged through the streets

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