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NOTES – DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ANATOMY

Dive into the fascinating world of the digestive system anatomy. Learn about the functions of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, pancreas, and large intestine. Discover interesting facts such as how long it takes for the stomach to empty after a meal and how many feet long your intestines are. Get insights into the role of salivary glands, liver, and pancreas in digestion. Understand the process of food breakdown and absorption in different parts of the digestive system. Uncover essential details about bile secretion, fat digestion, and the conversion of chyme into feces. Enhance your knowledge of the digestive system with this informative guide.

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NOTES – DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ANATOMY

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  1. NOTES – DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ANATOMY

  2. Interesting Digestive System Facts After you eat how long does it take for the stomach to empty? Within 2-6 hours, all food is emptied into the small intestine.

  3. How many pounds of food does the average person eat in a year? 1,100

  4. How many feet long are your intestines? about 20-30 ft long.

  5. NOTES – DIGESTIVE SYSTEM ANATOMY • Oral Cavity • mouth, pharynx, esophagus

  6. MOUTH • SALIVARY GLANDS – produce saliva

  7. Saliva Components • Mostly water – about 99.5% • SALIVARY AMYLASE – digests starch • LYSOZYME – antibacterial action • MUCIN – lubricant • chewing and saliva with food form a BOLUS

  8. PHARYNX • common area for food and air • prevents food from entering the trachea (wind pipe) • Epiglottis

  9. ESOPHAGUS • transports bolus from pharynx to stomach • involuntary muscular movement of food - PERISTALSIS

  10. STOMACH • a storage & mixing chamber • secretions • mucus • hydrochloric acid (HCl) • HCl activates pepsinogen to pepsin which is main enzyme that digests protein

  11. movement • mixing waves - peristalsis • bolus becomes chyme

  12. SMALL INTESTINE • parts: duodenum, jejunum, ileum • Function: • digestion and absorption • intestinal juice – water & mucus • epithelial cells have digestive enzymes to digest ALL classes of food

  13. LIVER • performs many functions – main blood filter in digestive system • in digestion it secretes BILE into the gall bladder • the gall bladder then dumps bile into small intestine

  14. bile EMULSIFIES fats – breaks fat into smaller pieces – easier for fat digesting enzymes to do their work Normal liver fatty liver Cirrhosis of the liver

  15. PANCREAS • pancreatic enzymes are important for the digestion of all major classes of food • four enzymes and bicarbonate • all are dumped into small intestine

  16. LARGE INTESTINE • Parts: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon • chyme is converted to feces • absorption of water & salts • E. coli bacteria synthesizes vitamin K

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