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BIOMECHANICS OF TENNIS ELBOW

BIOMECHANICS OF TENNIS ELBOW. ERICA MICHELLE FERNANDES Friday, 26 March 2010. INTRODUCTION: Incidence:. Constitutes a sizeable percentage of elbow injuries Elbow problems occur atleast once in 40% to 50% of tennis players (George, et al.,2006). INTRODUCTION TO THE ELBOW JOINT.

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BIOMECHANICS OF TENNIS ELBOW

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  1. BIOMECHANICS OF TENNIS ELBOW ERICA MICHELLE FERNANDES Friday, 26 March 2010

  2. INTRODUCTION:Incidence: • Constitutes a sizeable percentage of elbow injuries • Elbow problems occur atleast once in 40% to 50% of tennis players (George, et al.,2006)

  3. INTRODUCTION TO THE ELBOW JOINT • BASIC ANATOMY

  4. COMMON AREAS OF INFLAMMATION • SUPRACONDYLAR RIDGE & EPICONDYL FACETS • TENDON BODY • MUSCULOTENDINOUS JUNCTION • MUSCLE BELLY

  5. Concept of sweet spot:

  6. FORCES ACTING on the hand:

  7. Forces:

  8. EQUATIONS OF MOTION IN TENNIS • F+Fr=MdV/dt • Fb-Frh= Icmdw/dt • FrLf= Ifdwf/dt • Vp= Lfwf=hw-V

  9. Contd….

  10. Factors responsible for tennis elbow:- • Poor technique • Forced eccentric muscle contraction • Elbow Crunch • Wrist Crunch • Impulse reaction • Shock • Tip speed

  11. Elbow crunch Before impact, Centripetal force = centrifugal force After impact, Centripetal force > centrifugal force Measured in Newton: 1N=0.225 lbs. Formula: Shock*2/R’.

  12. Wrist crunch: • Measured from centre of mass to the wrist. Formula: Shock*2/R” (R” = distance from wrist to axis of rotation+ distance from axis to balance point.

  13. Shock: • Shock= difference between initial and final kinetic energies • Measured in joules • High shock is bad because it means high elbow and wrist crunch.

  14. Tip speed: • Low tip speed is better than a high tip speed. • better racquet control • more accurate Impulse reaction: • Positive impulse is better since it leads to less impact force at the elbow joint.

  15. Factors to be considered to treat Tennis elbow Early phase of rehabilitation • R.I.C.E • PHASE 1 • Goals: decrease inflammation and pain, promote tissue healing, and retard muscle atrophy. During the acute stage of your injury, whether the medial or lateral elbow is affected, follow the RICE principle:

  16. Stretching:

  17. Strengthening exercises:

  18. Phase 2:

  19. Grip strengthening,Pronation supination:

  20. Phase 3: • PHASE 3 • Goals: Improve muscular strength and endurance, maintain and improve flexibility, and gradually return to prior level of sport or high level activity. • 15 minutes forehand only • 30 minutes forehand only • 30 minutes forehand and two handed backhand • 45 minutes forehand and backhand • 45 minutes all strokes • Serve • Full play • Competitive play

  21. Measures to avoid Tennis elbow: ERGONOMICS • Equipment modification Head size • Weight of the racquet • Frame Stiffness • String tension • Racquet material • Grip size • Moveable mass racquet • Correct playing strategies

  22. Grip size: A grip too large or too small lessens control and promotes excessive wrist movement. To measure an appropriate grip size for your hand see image below

  23. MOVEABLE MASS RACQUET:

  24. THANK YOU

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