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Elbow Anatomy and Biomechanics

Elbow Anatomy and Biomechanics . Mimi Renaudin, DPT University of Mississippi Medical Center. Objectives. Describe the anatomy and joint articulations at the elbow Discuss the static and dynamic constraints acting at the elbow Identify the neurovascular contributions within the elbow joint.

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Elbow Anatomy and Biomechanics

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  1. Elbow Anatomy and Biomechanics Mimi Renaudin, DPT University of Mississippi Medical Center

  2. Objectives • Describe the anatomy and joint articulations at the elbow • Discuss the static and dynamic constraints acting at the elbow • Identify the neurovascular contributions within the elbow joint

  3. Elbow Snap Shot • Trochoginglymoid joint • 2 Degrees of freedom • Flexion/Extension and forearm rotation • Humerus • Radius • Ulna

  4. Anatomy Overview

  5. Joint Articulations Humeroulnar Humeroradial Proximal Radioulnar

  6. Anterior Muscular Component • 9 muscles cross the anterior aspect of the joint • Only 3 have primary action on the elbow • Radioulnar joint - rotation • Remaining 4 muscles arise from common flexor tendon on medial epicondyle

  7. Elbow Flexors

  8. Radioulnar Motion • Supinator, pronatorteres with assistance from pronatorquadratus distally

  9. Anterior Musculature • Final 4 muscles attach on medial epicondyle • Primary actions occur at the wrist and digits • PL • FCR • FCU • FDS

  10. Posterior Muscular Component • Elbow extensors: triceps, anconeus • Triceps: 3 heads • Long: crosses GH and elbow • Medial/Lateral: only cross elbow • Anconeus • Common extensor tendon

  11. Elbow Extensors

  12. Lateral Epicondyle Attachments • Extensor carpiradialislongus • Extensor carpiradialisbrevis • Extensor digitorum • Extensor carpiulnaris • Extensor digitiminimi

  13. Capsuloligamentous Complex • Medial collateral ligament • Lateral collateral ligament

  14. Medial Collateral Ligament • Resists valgus stress • Limits extension • Taut throughout arch of motion • Anterior fibers most taut in extension • Posterior bundle is taut in flexion • Transverse fibers provide valgus stability and help with joint approximation

  15. Vascular Contribution

  16. Normal Elbow Motion • Normal ROM: • Elbow 0-145° • Pronation: 80° • Supination: 85° • Functional ROM: • Elbow 30-130° • Pronation: 50° • Supination: 50°

  17. Carrying Angle • Formed by valgus tilt of the axis of rotation (humeral articulation) and the valgus orientation of the ulnar shaft in reference to the olecranon

  18. References • DeLee, Drez. DeLee and Drez’sOrthopaedic Sports Medicine. 3rd ed. 2009. 2. Levangie PK, Norkin CC. Joint Structure & Function. 4th ed. 2005. 273-295. 3. Moore KL, Dalley AF, Agur AM. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. 6th ed. 2010. 734-762.

  19. Questions

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