Pre-Civil War

1. Pre-Civil War Unit 1

2. Westward Expansion1800 - 1850 Unit 1

3. Manifest Destiny The belief that the United States has a divine right to expand its territory. *John L. O’Sullivan coined the phrase

5. Thomas Jefferson • 3rd President of the United States (1800 – 1808) • Political philosopher, horticulturist, architect, inventor and much more • Louisiana Purchase (1803) • Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806)

6. Louisiana Purchase

7. The Louisiana Purchase 1803 James Monroe and Robert Livingston buy the land for about 15 million dollars. *The purchase doubles the size of our country at that time.

8. Lewis and Clark Expedition Meriwether Lewis 1774-1809 William Clark 1770-1838 40 people went on trip

9. As the men make their way to the Pacific, Jefferson wants the men to gather information on: • Flow of rivers • Natural resources and possible economic development • Climate • Plant growth • Geology • Contact with Indians • Animals

12. Sacajawea • Husband – TouissantCharonneau • Insists on bringing wife and child • Tribe – Shoshone • Name – Bird woman

13. Journal Entry Plants Animals People Weather Landscape Structures

15. The Monroe Doctrine President Monroe claimed that, “the American continents are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”

16. March 2nd, 1836: Texas declares it’s independence from Mexico. March 6th, 1836: The Alamo Falls 1836 – 1845 Texas becomes a country (the Republic of Texas) December 29th, 1845 Texas becomes a state Texas Independence

17. Oregon Country • In 1846 the U. S. makes an agreement with Great Britain to get the Oregon Country • President Polk • “54 40 or fight”

19. The Mexican War1846 - 1847 • War begins due to a disagreement of the Texas southern border which the U. S. said was the Rio Grande River. • Major General Winfield Scott captures Mexico City ending the war. • Under the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo which ends the war, the U. S. gets the Mexican Cession.

21. The Gold Rush • In January of 1848, gold is found at Sutter’s Mill in California • In 1849, people from all over the world “rush” to California

22. The Gadsden Purchase • The U. S. paid Mexico 10 million dollars for a strip of land south of the Gila River in Arizona and New Mexico. • This land provided a route for a southern transcontinental railroad.

24. Alaska • “Seward’s Folly” • Secretary of State – William Seward • 1867 • From Russia for 7.2 million dollars • 586,000 square miles • 1.9 cents per acre

25. Father Kino • In the 1700’s started missions in the Southwest

26. San Juan Capistrano

27. Industrial Revolution in America

28. First Steam Powered Boat • 1787 • John Fitch • Delaware River

29. Textile Machinery Factory • First in America - 1789 • Providence, Rhode Island • Samuel Slater

31. The Cotton Gin • 1793 • Eli Whitney • Increases the speed cotton could be cleaned

32. Interchangeable Parts • Eli Whitney • Leads to products being mass produced

33. Telegraph • Samuel F. B. Morse • Coded pulses (short and long) of electricity • First message sent 1844 • “What hath God wrought?”

34. Transportation Improvements • National Road is constructed • Maryland to Illinois • Erie Canal is built in 1825 • Connects the Great Lakes to the Hudson River creating easier and cheaper travel • Railroads • Started building in the East to travel West