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I-394 MnPASS. Janelle Anderson, P.E. Mn/DOT. Problem & Solution. I-394 opens in 1992 with HOV lanes funded by Feds Problem Funding for new construction is limited Congestion continues to grow I-394 perception: Is HOV lane half empty or half full? 2002 Twin Cities HOV Study
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I-394 MnPASS Janelle Anderson, P.E. Mn/DOT
Problem & Solution • I-394 opens in 1992 with HOV lanes funded by Feds • Problem • Funding for new construction is limited • Congestion continues to grow • I-394 perception: Is HOV lane half empty or half full? • 2002 Twin Cities HOV Study • HOV lanes operating at less than full potential • During peak, HOV lanes (3,053) are typically moving more people per lane than general-purpose lanes (2,076) • FHWA urged changes, but opening HOV lane to all traffic not permitted Solution: MnPASS Express Lanes
I-394 MnPASS Project Goals • Improve I-394 efficiency • Maintain free flow speeds for transit and carpoolers • Use revenues to improve highway and transit in corridor • Employ new technologies for pricing and enforcement
Orientation • 11 mile corridor • 3 mile barrier separated reversible section • 8 mile diamond lane section • 5 EB and 6 WB access points in diamond section • HOVs, transit and motorcycles free • Fully electronic & dynamically priced
Set up a pre-paid MnPASS account Install transponder Antennae reads transponder in vehicle Toll Collection
Technology - Tolling Antenna • Approximate antenna weight = 10 lbs • Multiple antenna readers are used over each HOT lane. • Antenna readers are located at five locations along HOT lanes.
Dynamic Pricing Works • Price based on congestion in HOT lane • Set based on customized rate tables • Data collected every 30 seconds • Toll updated every 3 min using 6 min avg
Dynamic Pricing Works Toll ranges $0.25 - $8.00 max • Overall average $1.10 (March 2007) • Peak average $1.00 - $4.00 • Off-peak average $0.25 per section • EB average $1.37 • WB average $0.76
Peak Period Transit Ridership(6 to 9 AM, 3 to 6 PM) • External issues impacting transit • Transit operators indicate: • Access points improve safety for drivers • Express lanes remain free flowing Source: Mn/DOT HOV Quarterly Reports
Enforcement • Increased enforcement thru partnerships with: • Minneapolis Police Department • Golden Valley Police Department • Minnesota State Patrol • Petty misdemeanor with $142 fine • Initial planning and equipment cost of $250K • 8 hrs of enforcement on weekdays (annual cost of $165K)
Year 1 Enforcement Results • Over 3,300 enforcement stops • 50% of stops involved HOV or double white line crossing violations • I-394 violations dropped by 50% • HOV violations on I-394 are much lower than on I-35W
Safety: 12% Decrease in Crashes Average 2003-05 =560 * Compares data for year starting May 16 to May 15 of the next year
Speeds and Usage • Travel speeds in the general purpose lanes increased by 2% to 15% • Peak hour volumes increased 7 to 30%, while miles of congestion decreased • 95% of time speeds above 50 mph (required to be above 45 mph 90% of time) • Eastbound has 52% of trips and 65% of revenue • Heavy usage days: Tue, Wed, Thu • 70% of trips start or end in reversible road
MnPASS Toll Users • 30% of transponders used on a typical day • Average user makes two tolled trips per week • Usage Higher Among • Full-time workers • Homeowners • Ages 35-55 • Incomes over $50,000 • Women
MnPASS User Satisfaction • 95% satisfaction with all electronic tolling • 85% satisfaction with traffic speed in lane • 65% satisfaction with dynamic pricing • 65% satisfaction safety of merging Source: May 2006 survey of 106 MnPASS users
MnPASS Acceptance “Good Idea” by Income What do you think of allowing single drivers to use the carpool lanes by paying a toll?
Key First Year Milestones • May 05: MnPASS lanes open • June 05: Change to peak period operations in non-barrier section • Nov 05: New auxiliary lane opens • Jan 06: Pricing algorithm adjustment • May 06: 1-year anniversary • Sept 06: 10,000 transponders leased • Feb 07 surpassed $10,000 in tolls for one day and had highest weekly revenue (over $110,000)
Breaking Even for Operating Costs • Estimated FY07 All Revenues: $1.1M • Trips and Revenue • Affect of Pricing Adjustment in Jan 06
I-394 MnPASS Meeting It’s Goals • Reduces congestion and increases safety • Non-barrier separated access is safe and reduces infrastructure requirements • Dynamic pricing and technology works • Free flow speeds maintained • Lower violation rates • Revenues meet operating costs in Year 2 • Studying I-394 MnPASS Phase 2 & expansion of MnPASS system
Questions and More Information Visit www.mnpass.org Janelle Anderson, P.E. 651-234-7024 Janelle.anderson@dot.state.mn.us