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Ocean's Physical Structure. Figure 16.3. Coastal System Components
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1. Global Oceans and Seas Chemical Composition of Seawater
Physical Structure of the Ocean
2. Ocean’s Physical Structure
3. Coastal System Components Inputs to the Coastal System
The Coastal Environment and Sea Level
4. Littoral Zone
5. Coastal System Actions Tides
Waves
6. Tides
7. Wave Formation
8. Coastal Straightening
9. Longshore Current and Beach Drift
10. Coastal System Outputs Erosional Coastal Processes and Landforms
Depositional Coastal Processes and Landforms
Biological Processes: Coral Formations
11. Erosional Coastal Features
12. Depositional Coastal Features
13. Littoral Drift
14. Coral Reef Distribution
15. Coral Reef Formation and Forms
16. Wetlands, Salt Marshes, and Mangrove Swamps Wetlands
Salt marshes
Mangrove swamps
17. Coastal Salt Marsh
18. Mangroves
19. Glacial and Periglacial Processes Repeated periods over time
Most evidence wiped out
The Ice Age
Pleistocene
Cryosphere
20. Pleistocene Glaciation
21. Glacial and Periglacial Processes Repeated periods over time
Most evidence wiped out
The Ice Age
Pleistocene
Cryosphere
22. Evolution of the Great Lakes
23. Paleolakes
24. Rivers of Ice Alpine Glaciers
Continental Glacier
25. Rivers of Ice
26. Formation of Glaciers Compaction and recrystallization of snow
Glacier budget
Zone of accumulation
Zone of ablation
Line of equilibrium
Alpine
Continental; Ice sheets
27. Alpine Glacier and Mass Balance
28. Glacial Movement Weight and gravity
Plastic internal flow
Basal sliding
Advancing and Retreating Alpine Glacier
29. Glacial Movement
30. Glacial Polish
31. Alpine Glaciers High altitude, above snowline
U-shaped valleys
Cirques, arętes, horns
Hanging valleys
Fjords
California’s glaciers
32. Erosion and Deposition Plucking (detachment and entrainment)
Glacial erratic
Abrasion
Striations, glacial polish
Moraines
Lateral, medial, terminal (end)
33. Alpine Erosional Features
34. Erosion and Deposition Plucking (detachment and entrainment)
Glacial erratic
Abrasion
Striations, glacial polish
Moraines
Lateral, medial, terminal (end)
35. Alpine Glacier Depositional Features
36. Erosion and Deposition Plucking (detachment and entrainment)
Glacial erratic
Abrasion
Striations, glacial polish
Moraines
Lateral, medial, terminal (end)
37. Continental Glacier Depositional Features
38. Continental Depositional Features
39. Roche Moutonnée
40. Continental Glaciers Past
Ice Age, Pleistocene Epoch
Wisconsin period
Canadian Shield
Current
Antarctica, Greenland
Nunataks
Landforms: till, moraines, kettles, drumlins
42. Greenland
43. Greenland (southern end)
44. Periglacial Landscapes Geography of Permafrost
Ground Ice and Frozen Ground Phenomena
Humans and Periglacial Landscapes
45. Periglacial Processes Permanently or semi-permanently frozen ground
Permafrost
Beyond extent of ice sheet expansion, and following retreat
Glaciofluvial processes
46. Permafrost Distribution
47. Periglacial Environments
48. Ice Wedge and Pingo
49. Gelifluction Lobes
50. Permafrost Melting
51. Patterned Ground