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Evolution of Weather Forecasting: From Barometers to Supercomputers

Explore the intriguing history of weather data collection and forecasting, from the invention of the barometer in 1643 to the modern use of supercomputers and satellite technology. Discover how computers revolutionized forecasting accuracy and the societal impact of weather predictions. Uncover the challenges faced, like Sunday golfing interruptions and severe weather risks. Learn about possible solutions like machine learning and cloud computing for handling vast weather data.

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Evolution of Weather Forecasting: From Barometers to Supercomputers

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  1. Computers and Weather Michael Drews

  2. History of Data Collection • Barometer (1643) • Weather balloons (1896) • Weather buoys (1951) • Doppler Radar (1940s) • Satellites (1960 - TIROS1)

  3. History of Forecasting • First forecasting calculations were done by hand (1922) • Lewis Fry Richardson • ENIAC computer performs first forecast (1950) • US National Meteorological Center develops atmosphere model (1966) • Increased computing power increases accuracy • Nowcasting • Supercomputers

  4. Societal Problems • Society depends heavily on forecasts • Incorrect predictions • Sunday golfing • Severe weather forecasts not taken seriously • Hurricane Katrina • Society’s susceptibility to severe weather • Power outages, structural damage • Transportation issues

  5. Solutions? • LOTS of data -> Machine Learning • Powerful algorithms for pattern recognition • Distributed/Cloud computing

  6. Sources https://eo.ucar.edu/basics/wx_4.html http://weatherlabs.planet-science.com/weather-forecasts/using-a-computer-to-predict-the-weather.aspx http://science.jrank.org/pages/7337/Weather-Forecasting-role-computers-in-weather-forecasting.html http://www.cray.com/blog/the-critical-role-of-supercomputers-in-weather-forecasting/ http://www.accuweather.com/en/features/trend/forecasting-technology/1265959 http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/WxForecasting/wx2.php https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_forecasting https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_radar

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