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Cultural Geography

Cultural Geography. Religions of the World. Religion (The Basics). Religion is a belief in a supernatural power or powers that are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe. Types of Religions. Monotheistic religions believe in one god.

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Cultural Geography

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  1. Cultural Geography Religions of the World

  2. Religion (The Basics) • Religion is a belief in a supernatural power or powers that are regarded as the creators and maintainers of the universe.

  3. Types of Religions • Monotheistic religions believe in one god. • Polytheistic religions believe in many gods. • Animistic or traditional religions often believe that different aspects of nature have divine powers.

  4. Religions of the World

  5. Religions of the World

  6. Religions of the World Red = Christianity, Green = Islam

  7. Religions of the World

  8. Southwest Asia • The three religions that began in Southwest Asia are: • Judaism (2000 BCE) • Christianity (26-36 CE) • Islam (610 CE)

  9. Judaism • Some of the major beliefs of Judaism are: • Monotheism - There is one god who is all powerful and all knowing. • This god made a special covenant or agreement with Abraham, who is the ‘father’ of the Jewish people. • God revealed his laws to his people through Moses and the ten commandments.

  10. Western Wall

  11. Star of David

  12. Christianity • Christianity was heavily influenced by Judaism. Some of the major beliefs of Christianity are: • Monotheism - There is one god who is all powerful and all knowing. • Jesus Christ died for the sins of humankind. • Salvation comes from faith in God.

  13. Christianity • Christians believe the Old and New Testaments of the Bible are holy books. The first four books of the New Testament were written by followers of Jesus.

  14. Christianity • Some branches of Christianity are: Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and Eastern Orthodox.

  15. Orthodox Christianity

  16. Saint Basil’s

  17. Icons

  18. Islam • Islam is a monotheistic religion that developed in Saudi Arabia in the early 600s. Islam is directly related to Judaism and Christianity. • Islam was founded by the Prophet Muhammed who lived from 570 to 632 in Saudi Arabia.

  19. Islam

  20. Islam The five pillars or central teachings of Islam are: • A statement of faith • Prayer (five times a day in the direction of Mecca) • Charity • Pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your lifetime (called the Hajj) • Fasting (during the month of Ramadan)

  21. Islam • The teachings of Muhammed were collected into a book called the Koran. • Muslims worship in buildings called mosques.

  22. Dome of the Rock

  23. Mecca

  24. Crescent and Star

  25. Hinduism • Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world. It is a polytheistic religion that originated in South Asia, present day India, around 2500 B.C.E.

  26. Hinduism • Atman is the spirit or soul of a person, which most Hindus believe, is eternal. • Brahman refers to a supreme spirit but it can also mean an infinite and unchanging reality. • Hindus believe that the goal of life is to realize that your atman is the same as Brahman and thereby reach moksha, or liberation.

  27. Hinduism • Hindus believe in reincarnation and karma. A person dies, then lives again, until they finally reach moksha. • Hindus have several holy books called Vedas, Upanishads, and the epics the Mahabharata and Ramayana.

  28. Hinduism and the Caste System • The caste system is a system of social organization in India. When a person is born they are born into one of four castes or as a Dalit. This system has led to discrimination and has been outlawed in India. Hindus still debate whether the caste system is part of Hinduism or an outdated social custom.

  29. Hinduism • The castes are: • Brahmins: Teachers and priests. • Kshatriyas: Warriors, nobles, and kings. • Vaishyas: Farmers, merchants, and businessmen. • Shudras: Servants and laborers.

  30. OUTCASTES • People who were considered below the four castes were considered outcastes, or untouchables.

  31. Angkor Wat

  32. Buddhism • Buddhism is related to Hinduism and shares many of the same basic beliefs. The relationship between Buddhism and Hinduism is similar to the relationship between Christianity and Judaism.

  33. Buddhism • Buddhism was founded by a man named Siddhartha who was born around 500 - 400 B.C. in Nepal.

  34. Buddhism

  35. Buddhism

  36. Buddhism

  37. ANIMISM • Animism is the belief that non-humans (animals, plants and inanimate objects such as the sky or a river or a mountain or even things like thunder and lightning) possess a spiritual essence • It is usually practiced by indigenous tribal people

  38. ANIMISM • Animism is found in the remote areas of the Amazon jungle, in Sub-Saharan Africa, in the sub-polar regions of the Northern Hemisphere and in the outback of Australia • See map on next slide – areas in blue indicate Animism

  39. ANIMISM

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