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Explore the transformative period of the 2nd Industrial Revolution in the US, marked by profound changes in technology, economy, and society. Discover the factors and impacts of industrialization through the lens of land, labor, capital, connections, and technology. Witness how key inventions revolutionized communication, transportation, and production processes, propelling America into a new era of industrial prowess.
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The Growth of Industry in the U.S. (1865-1914) The 2nd Industrial Revolution
What is a Revolution? • A dramatic change in the way things are done, belief systems, government, social orders, etc.
Forms of Revolution • Political • Economic • Agricultural • Social • Technology • Industrial
Industry • refers to an area of economic production focused on manufactoring which involves large amounts of Capital investment before any profit can be realized. • Also: may refer to a group of businesses which produce the same product • i.e. “The automobile industry”
Industrialization • The process by which a country develops from a pre-industrial economy to an industrial economy
Factors Necessary For Industrialization • Land • Labor • Capital • Connections • Technology
Land • The physical land and the resources that are found on that land • Gold • Silver • Copper • Oil • Lumber • etc.
Labor • The workers to produce goods and services
Capital • Money to invest in the start of new businesses
Connections • Transportation and communication networks that connect businesses with their consumers • Examples: • Railroads • Highways, Roads, Bridges • Communication Networks • Telegraph • Telephone • Internet
Technology • The application of knowledge towards the development of new ideas • Development of new inventions
Before 1865 No indoor electricity No refrigeration Communications were slow…it took 10 days for a letter from NY to reach Chicago After 1865 Money used by companies during the Civil War was used to invest in the development of new technology and the growth of industry Technology