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Lecture 22 Deployment Strategies Fixed Platforms

Lecture 22 Deployment Strategies Fixed Platforms. Collin Roesler 18 July 2007. Issues related to fixed platform observatories, examples from the Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System. Moored array issues System Integration Instrument characterization/calibration Biofouling Data Analysis.

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Lecture 22 Deployment Strategies Fixed Platforms

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  1. Lecture 22 Deployment StrategiesFixed Platforms Collin Roesler 18 July 2007

  2. Issues related to fixed platform observatories, examples from the Gulf of Maine Ocean Observing System • Moored array issues • System Integration • Instrument characterization/calibration • Biofouling • Data Analysis

  3. Moored Arrays • Motivation • Space/time (x, y, z, t) sampling strategies • Advantages • highly resolved time scales • real time telemetry (line of site wireless, cell phone, satellite, irridium) • 6 month deployments (TOGA TAO 12 months) • Disadvantages • no spatial information without other data sources (modeling, remote sensing, mobile platforms, shipboard surveys) • biofouling

  4. Time and Space Scales

  5. Moored Arrays • Motivation • Space/time (x, y, z, t) sampling strategies • Advantages • highly resolved time scales • real time telemetry (line of site wireless, cell phone, satellite, irridium) • 6 month deployments (TOGA TAO 12 months) • Disadvantages • no spatial information without other data sources/arrays (modeling, remote sensing, mobile platforms, shipboard surveys, arrays) • biofouling

  6. System Integration • Mooring types • subsurface float vs. surface expression • taut vs. elastic vs. scoping

  7. System Integration • Mooring types • subsurface float vs. surface expression • taut vs. elastic vs. scoping • System control • centralized control (wired vs. inductive modem) • centralized vs. local data storage • Power • centralized power vs. local power • solar cells, traditional batteries, on board generation • Real estate • everyone wants the surface positions • flow and drag simulations • Data telemetry • band width limitations • onboard processing • redundant telemetry

  8. - Pre-deployment calibration (1) • Post-recovery pre-clean calibration (2) • Total offset = (2) – (1) • Post-recovery post-clean calibration (3) • biofouling = (3) – (2) • drift = (3) – (1) cal value time Instrument characterization/calibration • Calibrations - Re-deployment calibration (4) pure water cals total offset biofouling instrument drift

  9. - Linear trend • Step function trend • Validation (new deploy – corrected) In situ value time Instrument characterization/calibration • Calibrations pure water cals total offset biofouling instrument drift

  10. Instrument characterization/calibration • Calibrations • Environmental characterization • temperature • salinity • pressure • irradiance

  11. Chlorophyll Fluorometer Characterization

  12. Deployment Temperature Effect Slope is the warmup effect Chlorophyll Fluorometer Characterization Temperature Dependence

  13. Chlorophyll Fluorometer Characterization Temperature Dependence The temperature dependence, of course, varies between sensors and between sensor type Range 1 to 5 counts/oC

  14. Chlorophyll Fluorometer Characterization Correction for Temperature Dependence ~0.25 mg/l Compounding Issue: The biggest temperature effect occurs in the winter (DT), and that is when chlorophyll is lowest.

  15. Biofouling

  16. Biofouling • Prevention • toxic coatings • copper shutters • copper tape • copper tubing

  17. Biofouling • Identification • Long term trends

  18. Biofouling • Identification • Long term trends • Redundancy

  19. Biofouling • Identification • Long term trends • Redundancy

  20. Biofouling • Identification • Long term trends • Redundancy • Temporal patterns

  21. Biofouling • Correction • after the fact: calibrations • real time • redundancy • signal separation • flagging

  22. a(676) corrected Fchl (mg/m3) / 0.0145 (m2/mg) Biofouling • Correction • after the fact: calibrations

  23. Biofouling • Correction • after the fact: calibrations • real time • Redundancy (is signal real?) • Signal separation (is it one component?) • Flagging (pretty sure it is an artifact)

  24. I E B A Calibrated Chlorophyll Fluorescence Time Series

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