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Summary of Task Analysis, social aspects, alternative approaches

Summary of Task Analysis, social aspects, alternative approaches. IST 331 - Olivier Georgeon April 27 th 2010. Agenda of the presentation. Task Analysis Data gathering Formal task description Social aspects of users Alternative approaches Non goal-driven Co-evolution. Task Analysis.

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Summary of Task Analysis, social aspects, alternative approaches

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  1. Summary of Task Analysis, social aspects,alternative approaches IST 331 - Olivier Georgeon April 27th 2010

  2. Agenda of the presentation • Task Analysis • Data gathering • Formal task description • Social aspects of users • Alternative approaches • Non goal-driven • Co-evolution

  3. Task Analysis

  4. Task Analysis : Data Gathering • Lots of task analysis methods • None completely satisfactory • Best solution is to employ a variety of methods • Questionnaires and Interviews • Observational studies • Examination of competing, or similar products • Literature review • Unstructured user input. Spontaneous feedback

  5. Task Analysis:Formal task description • KLM • V. easy to use, fast, simple, clear, timing, can be tightened • For expert behavior only, can’t do dual tasks, learning • Hierarchical Task Analysis • Easy to use, fast, simple, clear • For expert behavior, dual tasks not represented, no learning, cannot be tightened, no timing • GOMS • Easy to use, fast, simple, less clear • For expert behavior only. Can’t do dual tasks easily. Require precise goals.

  6. GOMS Goal 1 (or Task) Method 1 Method 2 Goal 2 Selection rule 1 Method 3 Goal 3 Op 1 Op 4 … Op 2 Op 5 Goal 2 Goal 4 Op 3 Op 6 Time

  7. Social aspects

  8. From sociological studies • Diffusion of Social Responsibility • Complementarities between individuals • Social loafing • Majority/minority effect • Risk taking effect • Cognitive dissonance • Who you are / Who you want to be / who you want people think you are.

  9. Prisoner Dilemma • Interactions can be summarised with payoff matrix • People prefer high payoffs • Good systems create payoffs to encourage the behavior they want • There are ways to encourage good behavior • Make players public • Make their history public • Make payoff matrix public • Payoff what you want to encourage

  10. Social Media Principles • Who you are • Personalization. Home page. • Who you knows • Browse network • What you do • Provide activity stream

  11. Alternative approaches

  12. Not always goal driven • Users are free and do not fit a pre-defined model • Users follow feeling and emotions • User behavior evolve overt time • New usages emerge • New area for human behavior research

  13. Evolutionist process Design Use

  14. Post-hoc Evaluation • When you can’t do gold standard of users and their tasks • Might not know: users, tasks, context, task frequency, how things fit together, etc. • When you are driven by new technology • There are tools for detailed activity analysis • Human behavior analysis is still an active area of research.

  15. Conclusion • Know your user's task • Data gathering • Formal task description • Social aspects • Know your user's social context and motivations • Alternative approaches • Non goal-driven • Co-evolution

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