Principles of Communication

1. Principles of Communication Chapter 3: Perception and Self

2. SCOPE Chapter 3 Lecture and Discussion: • Describe Self-identity and Motivation • Realise Importance of Knowing Oneself • Discuss Impact of Perception on Professional and Personal Lives Chapter 3 Case Study • Instructor Review • Student Q&A Principles of Communication

3. “We see the world, not as it is, but as we are.” – Talmud (or Anais Nin) Principles of Communication

4. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow "A Theory of Human Motivation" In 1943 "What a man can be, he must be.“ Maslow, 1954 Principles of Communication

5. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Principles of Communication

6. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Noisy? Principles of Communication

7. 3.3 Concepts of Self, Perception, and Communication • “Who am I?” “Am I what other people say I am, or am I who I say I am?” • Profound questions…..How we answer them depends both on • how we see ourselves and • how others see us. Principles of Communication

8. 3.3 Self-Concept • Your self-conceptis how you think and feel about yourself. • Our sense of self comes from our communication with others. Your culture tells you what is right or wrong, and what is beautiful or ugly… Principles of Communication

9. 3.3 Self-Concept • Tarzan is a story about a man who thinks he is an ape because he was raised by apes. • We are products of our environments. Our parents, our friends, and our teachers all tell us who we are through reflected appraisals – messages we get about ourselves from others – as well as what to say… scripts. “Say thank you to the nice lady” Principles of Communication

10. 3.3 Self-Concept • Most reflected appraisals come from things people say. • Your college speech instructor may say you are a good speaker… …your peers may say you are a good friend… • …and your coach may tell you that you must work harder. • These create your self-concept. Principles of Communication

11. 3.3 Self-Concept Positive messages = Positive self-concept Positive self-concept = good decisions • Good or bad decisions become self-fulfilling prophecies – events or actions that occur because we expect them. Negative messages = Negative self-concept Negative self-concept = bad decisions Principles of Communication

12. 3.3 Self-Concept • When we compare ourselves with others to see how we measure up, we are making social comparisons. “Do I look as good as she does?” “What grade did you get on your midterm?” At some point in your life, you begin to see yourself in your own way… self-perception. Principles of Communication

13. 3.3 Self-Concept • For most of us, psychological safety – the approval and support that we get from familiar people, ideas, and situations – is important. • A psychological risk involves taking a chance on something new. • Taking a psychological risk helps improve one’s self-concept… hopefully. Principles of Communication

14. 3.4 Improving Self-Concept • Look in the self-improvement section of any bookstore or library…. • Books will not improve your self-concept… only you can do that. Internet chat and social networking are not the answer. Principles of Communication

15. The ICEBERG Model Principles of Communication

16. The JOHARI Window HOMEWORKIn your table groups:1. Choose one person (subject) 2. That person opens the website http://kevan.org/johari 3. Select 5-6 adjectives that best describe that person (Self-Analysis) 4. Enter your name. username 5. Group members open URIhttp://kevan.org/johari/jh/username 6. Group members Select 5-6 adjectives for that person.7. Present in class next week. open arena blind spot (POTENTIAL) hidden - facade Luft, J. and Ingham, H. (1955) “The Johari window, a graphic model of interpersonal awareness”,  Principles of Communication

17. 3.5 Perception • While your self-concept is how you see yourself, perception is how you look at others and the world around you. • How you look at the world depends on: • what you think of yourself, and • what you think of yourself will influence how you look at the world. Principles of Communication

18. 3.5 Perception Process Perception is a THREE STEP PROCESS Principles of Communication

19. 3.5 Perception • Look at these three triangles… These expectations or predispositions to respond are a type of perceptual filter called psychological sets. What you see is what you expect to see. Principles of Communication

20. 3.5 Perception • Deletions - blotting out, erasing, or canceling information—must occur first, • because your physical senses are limited • because of your beliefs • Additions are added to meet expectations. • Distortions adapt information to fit our needs ConsiderGESTALT “the whole is greater than the SUM of the PARTS” Principles of Communication

21. 3.5 b Visual Perception - Gestalt Figure / Ground Principles of Communication

22. 3.5 b Visual Perception - Gestalt Closure Principles of Communication

23. 3.6 b Visual Perception - Gestalt Proximity Continuity Principles of Communication

24. 3.6 b Visual Perception - Gestalt Similarity rows or columns? Principles of Communication

25. 3.5 b Visual Perception - Gestalt Principles of Communication

26. Applied…. Principles of Communication

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29. 3.5 Perception • Generalizationsinvolve drawing principles or conclusions from particular evidence or facts. • All future experiences are filtered through that belief, information that contradicts the belief is deleted, and you distort other information so it will support the belief… what we call perceptual filters. Principles of Communication

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31. BREAK! • Now, take a 30-minute break and then return to the class to work on your term paper focus. • Enjoy! Take a break! Principles of Communication