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Classification and Taxonomy

Classification and Taxonomy. Why might it be useful to classify living things?. Group Activity.

wilma-bonner
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Classification and Taxonomy

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  1. Classification and Taxonomy

  2. Why might it be useful to classify living things?

  3. Group Activity • Lets say that you were opening a hardware store and before you opened, you had to organize all of your merchandise so that your customers and employees could easily find what they were looking for. In your groups, decide on a method of organization and provide a detailed account of your organizational system. One group member is recorder, one member is the spokesperson.

  4. Domains of Life • Bacteria: Most of the Known Prokaryotes • Archaea: Prokaryotes of Extreme Environments • Eukarya: Eukaryotic Cells

  5. Biological Organization • Each of the domains are further subdivided into successively smaller and smaller subcategories. The complete hierarchal breakdown is Kingdom-Phylum -Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species. To remember this sequence, the following mnemonic device is often helpful: • King--Phillip--Came--Over--For--Good--Soup

  6. Make up your own mnemonic device. This will be due on a separate sheet of paper on Tuesday 5/13/08. Remember, you key terms are also due as well!

  7. Living organisms were subdivided into 5 major kingdoms • Monera • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia The basic characteristics of each kingdom and approximate number of species are summarized in the following table:

  8. Prokaryotic Cells Without Nuclei And Membrane-Bound Organelles • 1. Kingdom Monera [10,000 species]: Unicellular and colonial--including the true bacteria (eubacteria) and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). Eukaryotic Cells With Nuclei And Membrane-Bound Organelles: • 2. Kingdom Protista (Protoctista) [250,000 species]: Unicellular protozoans and unicellular & multicellular (macroscopic) algae with 9 + 2 cilia and flagella (called undulipodia).

  9. 3. Kingdom Fungi [100,000 species]: Haploid and dikaryotic (binucleate) cells, multicellular, generally heterotrophic, without cilia and eukaryotic (9 + 2) flagella (undulipodia). • 4. Kingdom Plantae [250,000 species]: Haplo-diploid life cycles, mostly autotrophic, retaining embryo within female sex organ on parent plant. • 5. Kingdom Animalia [1,000,000 species]: Multicellular animals, without cell walls and without photosynthetic pigments, forming diploid blastula.

  10. The 6 Kingdom System is now used. • The prior kingdom monera is divided up into eubacteria and archaebacteria

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