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Chapter 12

Chapter 12. The Reunification and Renaissance in Chinese Civilization: The Era of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Intro. Influenced Japan, Korea, Vietnam, SE Asia Compare to Dark Ages in Europe Sui, Tang, Song Buddhist influences w/ Confucianism Male dominance!!. Sui. Wendi

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Chapter 12

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  1. Chapter 12 The Reunification and Renaissance in Chinese Civilization: The Era of the Tang and Song Dynasties

  2. Intro • Influenced Japan, Korea, Vietnam, SE Asia • Compare to Dark Ages in Europe • Sui, Tang, Song • Buddhist influences w/ Confucianism • Male dominance!!

  3. Sui • Wendi • Scholar gentry  • Reunites core areas of China • Lowers taxes/establishes granaries • Son Yangdi • Brings back exam system • Spends $$$$$$$$$$$ • Wars to conquer Korea (failed) • Revolts → assassination

  4. Tang • Li Yuan • Conquers/expands (hostages like Incas) • Huge empire (bigger than Han) • Rebuilds, expands scholar gentry/bureaucracy • Jinshi

  5. Confucianism vs. Buddhism • State support of Confucianism threatens Buddhists (monks, etc) • Buddhism flourishes under Tang (Empress Wu) • Backlash • Daoists/Confucians convince leaders that Buddhism is bad (monks, taxes, labor, etc.) • Open persecution of Buddhists • Buddhism survives but is weakened

  6. Xuanzong • Peak of Tang empire • Yang Guifei • Neglects empire • Economic/military trouble • Problems w/ rebels, nomads • Decline begins

  7. Song • Taizu founds Song dynasty • Always troubled by northern nomads • Military is subordinate to scholar gentry • Revival of Confucian ideas = Neo-Confucianism • TRADITION!!! • Dislike of foreign things • Ultimately leads to isolation

  8. Decline of Song • Weakness against nomads encourages others • Huge expensive armies • Attempted reforms don’t last • Economy declines + peasant unrest • Jurchens establish Qin dynasty in the North • Southern Song continues (culture )

  9. Prosperity • Grand Canal • Leads to trade expansion • Manufactured goods • Sea trade • Paper money • Credit (flying money) • Merchant guilds • Urbanization • Hangzhou • Markets, restaurants, parks, etc. • Better agriculture • Divided large estates, redistributed to peasants

  10. Family • Extended family (if affordable) • Elders/males in charge • Marriage alliances (arranged marriages) • Women clearly subordinate but… more opportunities during Tang/early Song • Neo-Confucians -> women  • FOOTBINDING

  11. Art/Technology • Engineering (Grand Canal) • Gunpowder (weapons) • Chairs, coal, kites, compasses, abacus, printing w/ moveable type • Literature • Landscape painting

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