U.S History Prologue

1. U.S History Prologue By: Ka’iupono Joseph,

2. Land Bridge • Early Americans crossed the land bridge between Alaska and Russia • They crossed from the Rockies and went southward • They crossed because the Mammals were migrating to the Americas. • The ocean levels were 300-400 ft higher than they are now

3. Land Bridge

4. Climate Change • Mammoths weighed up to 16,000 pounds and could feed 2 dozen hunters for the whole winter • Hunters would sharpen spears out of bone/stone • As the climate changed the mammals especially the mammoths started to die off because of the dramatic change in whether • The sea level also changed and the land bridge melted

5. First communities • Archaic people started to settle along river coasts and along fish plentiful coasts and could sustain themselves for the whole year • They found places so plentiful that they scooped fish into their buckets. • They learned to make fishing nets and fishing hooks, made boats from bark and animal skin • Some people started to build pottery to carry water and to cook food

6. Early American Community

7. Mound Builders • Poverty point was a community of mound builders • Leaders drew up plans to built earthworks • Adena’s flourished along the Mississippi and Illinois river valleys • Hopewell’s flourished along the Ohio and Illinois river valleys • There built mounds the shape of squares, circles and cones

8. Mound Builders

9. Early Americans; Sedentary • Sedentary: to stay in an area or to colonize • Early Americans became sedentary around the Neolithic period. • This started as early as 2500 B.C. possibly early then that. • Sedentary occurred because early Americans discovered the ability to farm.

10. Americans & Their Environment • Did Early Americans have control over their environment: Yes, No, Maybe? • Answer: YES • Factor: • They Formed a hierarchy • Had major Trade and religion • Buried their chiefs • Built long wooden palisades

11. Examples of the factors • They Formed a hierarchy. Example: Temples and warehouses and homes of elite leaders were located on top of mounds formed in the ground. • Formed trade and religion. Example: In 1000 The city of Cahokia was a major center of trade and religious activities. • Buried their chiefs. Example: 200 C.Eone mass grave had about 300 pounds of bones found in yellow stone national park. • Built long wooden palisades: 1150 C.E. built around center of city, these were up to 100 ft tall.

12. Population and growth after 800Corn Cultivators • Corn cultivator’s wanted extra helping hands with plowing, hoeing, weeding, and harvesting.For example they need the man power to plant more of there vegetation to keep there community flourishid. • Corn cultivator’s promoted population growth.  Hunter’s supported abortion for mobility and reduced numbers of people to feed. These two different • Corn cultivator’s promoted population growth.  Hunter’s supported abortion for mobility and reduced numbers of people to feed.

13. corn cultivators and Hunters • Corn cultivator’s increased population by clearing woodland and plating more corn.  •  Over years the two groups got into conflicts and corn cultivator’s prevailed over the hunter’s because of the fact they out numbered them.   • Corn cultivator’s and Hunter’s build a Mutual advantage trade system was made between Corn cultivator’s and Hunter’s.

14. Cahokia • Cahokia was a major center of trade and religion.There believes weremanly around god. • It was the first urban center of the U.S. • They started to become civilized and have a hierarchy. Chiefs were buried upon 20,000 beaded shells along with animal corpse sculptures. • Was probably the largest earthen structure in America’s