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Phylum Chordata

Phylum Chordata. Phylum Chordata. Phylum Chordata. Notochord – become vertebrae in more advanced chordates Gill slits or pharyngeal pouches Dorsal hollow nerve cord Postanal tail Segmented muscles. Chordate Subphyla. Phylum. Chordata Subphylum. Urochordata Subphylum. Cephalochordata

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Phylum Chordata

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  1. Phylum Chordata

  2. Phylum Chordata

  3. Phylum Chordata • Notochord – become vertebrae in more advanced chordates • Gill slits or pharyngeal pouches • Dorsal hollow nerve cord • Postanal tail • Segmented muscles

  4. Chordate Subphyla Phylum. Chordata Subphylum. Urochordata Subphylum. Cephalochordata Subphylum. Vertebrata

  5. Subphylum Urochordata • Sea squirts • Notochord • Only in larva • Adult has tunic

  6. Urochordates Mouth Atrium Pharyngeal gill slits Stomach

  7. Subphylum Cephalochordata • Amphioxus • Notochord length of body • Dorsal hollow nerve cord • Gill slits • Segmented muscles

  8. Subphylum Vertebrata • Vertebrae replace notochord during embryonic development

  9. Fig. 48.8

  10. Superclass Agnatha • No jaws • No paired appendages • Notochord as adult

  11. Ostracoderms • Earliest vertebrate • Paleozoic era • Filter feeders

  12. Hagfish and Lamprey

  13. Parasites

  14. Superclass Gnathostomata • Jaws • Paired appendages

  15. Fig. 48.13

  16. Class Condrichthyes • Cartilage skeleton • Notochord • No opercula • No swim bladder

  17. Class Osteichthyes • Boney skeleton • Swim bladder • Opercula

  18. Fig. 48.16

  19. Subclass Actinopterygii • Rays in fins

  20. Adipose Fin Dorsal Fin Pelvic Fin Caudal Fin Pectoral Fin Anal Fin Salmon

  21. Subclass Dipneusti • Breathe air when lake or river dries up

  22. Subclass Crossopterygii* • Coelacanth • Lobed fins • muscles *Class Sarcopterygii Order Crossopterygii

  23. Class Amphibia • Land and water • Skin with mucoid secretions • Respiration • No scales, feathers or hair • Heart with 3 chambers • 2 atria • 1 ventricle • One cervical vertebra • Ectothermic

  24. Transitional Tetrapods Skull, teeth, limbs similar to lobe-finned fish Acanthostega Ichthyostega

  25. Order Caudata (Urodela) • Salamanders • Long tail • Four legs

  26. Order Anura • Frogs and toads • No tail in adult • Webbed feet

  27. Order Apoda (Gymnophiona) • Caecilian • No legs

  28. Class Reptilia • Scales • Amniotic egg • One occipital condyle • Ectothermic • Three chambered heart • Claws

  29. Amniotic Egg

  30. Reptile Skulls • Anapsid • No opening • Synapsid • One opening • Diapsid • Two openings • Euryapsid • One small opening

  31. Anapsids • Turtles

  32. Diapsids • Dinosaurs • Snakes • Lizards • Crocodilians • Birds

  33. Euryapsid • Extinct • Ichythyosaurs

  34. Synapsids • Pelycosaurs • Dimetrodon • Mammal like reptile

  35. Order Testudines • No teeth in adult • Shell • Anapsid • No teeth

  36. Turtle Shell Carapace Plastron

  37. Lifespan 150 Years

  38. Leatherback Sea Turtle • 6 feet long • 1,400 pounds

  39. Order Squamata • Kinetic skull • Movable joints • Lizards • Snakes • Dinosaurs

  40. Geckos • Small lizards • Adhesive toe pads

  41. Texas Horned Lizard • Spines for protection • Eats ants • Endangered species

  42. Gila Monster • Poisonous lizard • Not very aggressive

  43. Green Iguana • Ornamental crest • Five feet long • Tropical rainforest • Mexico • South America • Omnivores

  44. Chameleons • Arboreal • Africa and Madagascar • Catch insects with tongue

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