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Commonly Unclear information

Commonly Unclear information. Why O 3 blocks UV better than other molecules. CFC and Ozone Correlation between Atoms and Ozone Problem Allotropes Isotopes – What are they and how to differentiate them Groups and Periods Core vs. Valence Electrons Charge of Atoms. Ozone and Atoms … Why?.

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Commonly Unclear information

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  1. Commonly Unclear information • Why O3 blocks UV better than other molecules. • CFC and Ozone • Correlation between Atoms and Ozone Problem • Allotropes • Isotopes – What are they and how to differentiate them • Groups and Periods • Core vs. Valence Electrons • Charge of Atoms

  2. Ozone and Atoms … Why? • So what? Why should we discuss atomic structure? • Answer: In order to understand the differences between oxygen and ozone AND in order to gain an understanding of How ozone filters out UV light … • WE need to consider its Structure

  3. Allotropes of Carbon Buckminster Fullerenes “Bucky-balls” Diamond Graphite

  4. Isotopes • Tritium & Deuterium are isotopes of Hydrogen Isotopes- Same number of Protons … differ in number of Neutrons 11H - Hydrogen 21H – Deuterium 31H - Tritium

  5. Your Turn • Specify the number of protons and neutrons in the following isotopes • Uranium-235 (AKA 23592U) • Carbon-14 • Iodine-131 • Sulfur-36

  6. Valence and Core electrons • Alright, What is this about valence and core electrons? Atom is mostly empty space

  7. 1 electron 2 electron Valence 2 electrons Helium Core Add one proton 2 Protons And 2 neutrons to stabilize 3 Protons And 4 neutrons to stabilize Electrons 1 electron Valence Add one proton Hydrogen 1 Proton Lithium

  8. Your Turn • Predict the number of neutrons, protons, total electrons, and valence electrons in: Ca Al As Te

  9. Alright …. • After this excursion into the atom, we get to our primary motivation for studying the atom … MOLECULAR STRUCTURE. • Molecular structure is the result of ATOMS bonding to each other Remember - Molecular structure accounts for Properties of molecules. Think allotropes of carbon.

  10. Covalent Bonding Bonding is the result of sharing of valence electron pairs!

  11. Systematic Drawing of Lewis Structures • Lewis structures show bonding and placement of electrons in molecules. • Sum Valence electrons for all atoms in the molecule • Draw the skeleton structure showing which atoms are bonded to each other. (Atom written first – generally center) • Complete the octet of all atoms surrounding the central atom • Place any left over electrons on the central atom • If the central atom has less than 8 electrons, complete the octet of the central atom by sharing additional pairs of electrons with the outer atoms.

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