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Meninges, Ventricles, CSF. Human Neurobiology ANHB 2217 Avinash Bharadwaj Semester 1, 2006 Week 2. Meninges. Protective coverings for brain & spinal cord. Meninges. Dura mater Cranial Spinal Arachnoid mater Pia mater. General Features. Dura – tough, fibrous.
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Meninges, Ventricles, CSF Human Neurobiology ANHB 2217 Avinash Bharadwaj Semester 1, 2006 Week 2
Meninges • Protective coverings for brain & spinal cord
Meninges • Dura mater • Cranial • Spinal • Arachnoid mater • Pia mater
General Features Dura – tough, fibrous Arachnoid – delicate network Pia mater – soft, thin, delicate
Other Names! • Dura – Pachymeninx – ‘tough’ • Arachnoid (like a spider’s web) + Pia – leptomeninges
Cranial Dura Mater • Bone • Endosteal • Sinus • Meningeal
Folds of Dura • Falx – the sickle • Occupies the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres • Tentorium – the tent • Covers the cerebellum • The opening accommodates the brainstem
Dural Venous Sinuses • Veins with dural walls • Separation of layers
Spinal Dura • Not adherent to bone except… • Epidural and subdural spaces
Ventricles Pia Ependyma Diagrammatic Cross Section The “hollow” brain
Pia and Ependyma In some locations pia mater and ependyma come together. A plexus of blood vessels “invaginates” the thin layer. Cerebrospinal fluid enters the ventricle across this membrane.
Ventricular System Lateral (1 + 2) Lateral (1 + 2) 3 3rd 4 4th
Cerebrospinal Fluid • Choroid plexus • Ventricles • Openings in the fourth ventricle • Subarachnoid Space
CSF – Back to Blood • Arachnoid Granulations (and villi)
Granulations • Delicate projections into a sinus • One-way flow into the sinus • Increased pressure in the sinus blocks the flow Last slide!