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EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory

EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory. Introduction. EarthScope: Revealing Earth's Secrets Jayme B. Margolin PBO Siting Education and Outreach Specialist margolin@unavco.org UNAVCO, Boulder, Colorado February 8, 2008 Homer Environmental Educator’s Bi-annual Meeting. Outline.

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EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory

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  1. EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory

  2. Introduction EarthScope: Revealing Earth's Secrets Jayme B. Margolin PBO Siting Education and Outreach Specialist margolin@unavco.org UNAVCO, Boulder, Colorado February 8, 2008 Homer Environmental Educator’s Bi-annual Meeting

  3. Outline • Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) • Data in your region • UNAVCO’s Educational Opportunities • Hand-outs

  4. Method of Operation • Global positioning system (GPS) • Receiver determines location, speed, direction, and time • 3 satellite signals are necessary to locate the receiver in 3D space • 4th satellite is used for time accuracy • Position calculated within sub-centimeter

  5. Anatomy of a GPS Station GPS antenna inside of dome, solidly attached into the ground with braces. If the ground moves, the station moves. Solar panel for power Equipment enclosure • GPS receiver • Power/batteries • Communications/ radio/ modem • Data storage/ memory

  6. Movement of GPS stations GPS station positions change as plates move. How will the position of these stations change relative to one another?

  7. EarthScope & Partners EarthScope is funded by the National Science Foundation and conducted in partnership with the US Geological Survey. EarthScope is being constructed, operated, and maintained as a collaborative effort with UNAVCO, IRIS, and Stanford University, with contributions from NASA and several other national and international organizations. The data collected by EarthScope’s three observatories will help us to understand processes that control earthquakes and volcanoes.

  8. SAFOD A borehole laboratory on the San Andreas fault studying the physics of earthquake nucleation at the depths where earthquakes begin. Drilling, Sampling, and Downhole Measurements Have Been Carried Out Within the San Andreas Fault Zone Established Access to the San Andreas Fault at Seismogenic Depth Lateral drilling this past summer to recover cores from the fault zone

  9. US Array A continent-spanning deployment of seismometers for imaging the deep interior of the North American continent

  10. Transportable Array

  11. USArray - Alaska Three operating seismic stations in Alaska that are considered part of the USArray Backbone, but working with other organizations, as well: • ATTU on Attu Island • EGAK in Eagle (Central Alaska) (operated by the USGS) • WRAK on Wrangell Island (Southeast Alaska) (operated by the USGS) (from, earthobservatory.nasa.gov, 2008)

  12. Plate Boundary Observatory • A continent-scale network of GPS, borehole, and laser strainmeters focusing on the extended plate boundary and extending into the continental interior • Measurements of • Extension/compression • Dilatation • Tilt

  13. PBO Instruments 1100 Continuous GPS 103 Borehole Strainmeters and Seismometers 5 Laser Strainmeters 28 Shallow Borehole Tiltmeters 13

  14. GPS Monuments GPS Station Monument drilling Moderate impact Deep Drill Braced GPS Monument Monument installation Final site

  15. PBO Science Goals Redoubt Volcano, NPS & USGS (Stanford.edu, 2007) Government Hill School in Anchorage after the March 27, 1964 earthquake, still the second-largest earthquake ever recorded at magnitude 9.2. Photo courtesy UAF Geophysical Institute Observed ground motion at Yellowstone NP from 2004-2006 (W.-L. Chang et al., Science 318, 952 -956 (2007)) • Structure & evolution of continent & deep Earth (seismic) • Earthquake processes and seismic hazards • Magmatic processes and volcanic hazards • Active deformation and tectonics • Continental geodynamics • Exploration and discovery Requires an Interdisciplinary Approach

  16. Alaska Region: Sites & Tectonics Alaska GPS Stations Subduction - Island Arc (USGS, 2005) Magmatic (USGS, 2006)

  17. Lake Clark NP Area - 5 Sites LCNP GPS Stations AC37 Lake Clark AC47 Slope Mountain AC17 Drift River AC59 Ursus Head AB22 Illiamna Slope Mountain Site Webpagehttp://pboweb.unavco.org/shared/scripts/stations/?checkkey=AC37

  18. Current Data (from usgs.gov, 2001) Lake Clark area is bounded by the Castle Mt. Fault to the west and the Bruin Bay Fault on the east. Transform Boundary

  19. Time Series

  20. Plate Movement Which tectonic plate is moving and what is the direction?

  21. Vectors

  22. Local Cross-section (from AVO)

  23. Augustine

  24. Science Examples Monitoring the Augustine Volcano • Supported scientists (Jeff Freymueller (UAF) and Peter Cervelli (AVO) • 5 continuous PBO GPS sites • GPS on summit and upper flanks of volcano • Borrowed further UNAVCO equipment to install antenna masts on lower flanks of volcano (from www.sciencedaily.com, 2006) (from www.nsf.gov, 2006)

  25. Science Earth Science ... from the descriptive to the numerical … from regional to global

  26. Science Examples

  27. Science in Use

  28. Educators

  29. Data for Educators (from http://www.unavco.org/edu_outreach/data.html, 2007)

  30. Hand-outs Thank You Are there any questions, comments, or concerns?

  31. Useful Web Links www.earthscope.org www.unavco.org www.unavco.org/EO pboweb.unavco.org/ www.dlese.org/library/index.jsp www.iie.org/ www.datatel.com/global/scholarships/ www.explorers.org/ www.nsf.gov/home/grants

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