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Matter- Chap 3

Matter- Chap 3. Matter vs Non-matter. The “Types” of Matter. What is Matter?. Matter - has mass and volume. States of Matter. Phase Diagram. Not all matter has the same melting/boiling temperatures! http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/Matter/PhaseChanges.htm.

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Matter- Chap 3

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  1. Matter- Chap 3

  2. Matter vs Non-matter

  3. The “Types” of Matter

  4. What is Matter? • Matter - has mass and volume.

  5. States of Matter

  6. Phase Diagram

  7. Not all matter has the same melting/boiling temperatures! • http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/Matter/PhaseChanges.htm

  8. Matter can be sub-classed as pure substances and mixtures. A fish tank with fish, water, plants, shells, and gravel is a mixture. Water is a pure substance.

  9. Pure substance • A pure substance is composed of only one kind of atom or molecule. • An atom is the basic unit of matter. • A molecule is a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds.

  10. A pure substance may be an element or a compound. H2O He

  11. Elements • Elements are made up by only one type of atom • Examples = He, Au, Li, F2, H2 , C60

  12. Compounds • Compounds are two or more different elements in a molecule. • Ex. H2O, CO2, CO, CH4

  13. Compounds • Compound properties are different from those of the elements that compose them. • Ex. H2O = Water

  14. Compounds • Compounds can only be separated into elemental components by chemical means.

  15. Matter can be sub-classed as pure substances and mixtures. • Mixtures are not considered pure substances, but may be made up of pure substances

  16. Mixtures • The substances that make up a mixture keep their individual chemical and physical properties. • Mixtures can be separated into its components by physical means.

  17. Mixtures • Mixtures are sub-classed as heterogeneous mixtures and homogeneous mixtures

  18. Homogeneous Mixtures • Are the same through out • You can not see the individual parts of the mixtures. • Example: Air, sugar water • Can be sub-classed as solutions and alloys

  19. Solutions • All solutions are homogeneous mixtures. • Ex. Sugar water, salt water • The particles that make up a solutions are uniformly distributed.

  20. Solutions • The particles are so small that they cannot be seen even at high magnification. • Examples: sweet tea, sea water, rubbing alcohol, cola

  21. Parts of a Solution • Solute = The substance being dissolved • Solvent = The dissolving agent • Ex. Tea with sugar = solute  sugar solvent  tea

  22. Alloys • A solid or liquid homogenous mixture of two or more metals. • 18 karat Au is 18 parts Au out of 24 . The remaining parts are Cu, Ag, or Ni.

  23. Mixtures • Mixtures are sub-classed as heterogeneous mixtures and homogeneous mixtures

  24. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Are not uniform through out • Some heterogeneous mixtures appear homogenous to the naked eye. • Ex. Skin

  25. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Examples shake

  26. Heterogeneous Mixtures • Heterogeneous Mixtures may be sub-classed at suspensions and colloids.

  27. Suspensions • Have relatively large, easily seen particles that can settle out or form layers within a liquid. • Ex. Medicine that says “Shake before Using”

  28. Suspensions • Particles can be filtered out in water suspensions

  29. Colloids • A colloid has tiny particles, just large enough to produce a cloudy appearance. • The particles of a colloid are smaller than a suspension’s and larger than a solution’s particles.

  30. Colloids • Examples: Milk Mayonnaise

  31. Colloids produce the Tyndalleffect • The Tyndall effect happens when a light beam shines through a colloid. The beam’s path can be seen in the liquid.

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