UNIT-II MANAGEMENT PROCESS PLANNING Mrs.Indumathi Lecturer

1. UNIT-IIMANAGEMENT PROCESS PLANNING Mrs.Indumathi Lecturer YNC

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES • State the meaning of management process • List out the elements of management process • Define Planning • Enumerate the importance of planning • State the Mission, philosophy of planning • Explain the objectives of planning • List out the types of planning

3. MANAGEMENT PROCESS • The management process is like nursing process which include; • gathering data from different sources, • diagnosing the problems by analyzing the data carefully, • plan appropriate actions according to priorities,

4. Contd….. • carry out the interventions suitable • evaluate the outcomes of interventions and • re plan until the problems identified are resolved.

5. ELEMENTS OF MANAGEMENT PROCESS • Planning:It is a continuous , Intellectual process of determining philosophy ,Objectives, Policies, procedures and rules and standards, long and short term projected out comes and fiscal course of actions and managing planned change. • Organizing:It is establishing the structure to carry out plans

6. Elements contd… • Staffing:It is a process of assigning competent people to fill the appropriate nursing roles in a an institution , • Directing:Is a process of involving many human resource management • Controlling:It is an ongoing process to ensure that activities of an institution or organization adhere to the plan

7. PLANNING • Planning is important for socioeconomic development. it helps to conceive and achieve results in an atmosphere and spirit of true democratic situation, where in different agencies at various levels are involved in the policies of the government for welfare of it‟s people. • Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a coordinated and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objecives.for any work, planning is very essential.

8. DEFINITION Planning is a process of determining the objectives of administrative effort and devising the means calculated to achieve them. (Millet) Planning is a process of setting formal guidelines and constraints for the behavior of the firm. (Assoff and Brundinharg)

9. IMPORTANCE OF PLANNING • It focuses attention on the objectives or goals of the organization and their achievement. • It leads to economy in operation through the selection of the best possible course of action. • It helps in controlling the activities by providing measures against which performance can be evaluated. • It helps in co-coordinating the operations of organizations

10. MISSION • To render quality health care through effective team work. • To train health professions to become competent, humane and ethical health care providers, educators and leaders. • To undertake relevant biomedical and health system researcher. • To develop a system of referral network and serve as center for complex health care problem. • To attain self sufficiency in resources. • To be the role model for health care delivery in the country.

11. PHILOSOPHY • Philosophy flows from the purpose or mission statement and delineates the set of values and beliefs that guide all actions of the organization. • Development of Philosophy: The managers must incorporates Knowledge and understanding of the units. • Understand Planning hierarchy

12. OBJECTIVES • To set the objectives: Planning starts with the formulation of objectives and planning action to achieve those objectives • To focus on meaningful activities: Effective planning lays down various courses of action, which are useful to accomplish the objectives

13. Objectives Contd.. • To economizes the time and effort and other resources:Money,men,machines and materials are properly utilized and wastages are minimized. • To maintain coordination: Basis of coordination,with the help of plans,the departments work in harmony. • To reduce risk and uncertainty: Flexibility or alternatives in good planning reduces the risk and uncertainty

14. Objectives Contd.. • To ensure proper control: In planning there is a scope to lay down the methods of performance evaluation, against the lay down standards and targets. • To achieve the organizational effectiveness: with objectives, control measures, utilization of proper resources planning helps to achieve the organizational effectiveness

15. Objectives(CONT….) Planning promotes creativity: it’s the thinking function of management. It helps innovative and creative thinking. To improve efficiency: Planning determines as to when and how various tasks are to be performed by different nursing units. This brings about efficiency in working of various units.

16. TYPES OF PLANNING 1.Directional planning • It is often called policy planning and is concerned with the broad general direction of the programme. • Eg:state level planning at directorate or secretarial of states or union.(centre).

17. Contd…. 2.Administrative planning • It is concerned with the overall implementation of the policies developed and with the mobilization and coordination of the personnel and material available in the administrative unit for the effectuation of the service. • Eg: Medical superintendent of major hospital are responsible for administrative planning.

18. 3.OPERATIONAL PLANNING (TACTICAL PLAN) Operational plans are the single use, short term plans derived from strategic plan in order to accomplish the goals and objectives of organization. They link the strategic plan with the activities • Planning for a few months to a financial year. •  Planning for details budgeting and short range goods and achieved with in given period. . .

19. Content of operational plan • Clear objectives • Activities to be delivered • Quality standards • Desired outcomes • Staffing and resource requirements • Implementation timetables • A process for monitoring progress

20. Purposes of operational plan • To specify the activities and procedures • To set the timetable for the achievement of the activities • To allocate the responsibilities the staff involved in particular activity • To prepare the staff for taking up the responsibility and evaluation of patient care • To specify the records to be kept and policies needed • To give freedom to each staff to plan its own goal,objectives in line with the departmental goals.

21. Formulation of operational plan • 6 W method- Want,Why,What,When,Who,What if • Step 1:Want: make expectation obsessive that will lead to commitment • Step 2:Why:Converts wants into goals and objectives • Step 3: What: Make clear what knowledge, attitudinal behavoiur, skills and habits are required to achieve the objectives

22. Contd… • Step 4: Who: Team up with the staffs that have similar goals and objectives in the organization. • Step 5: When: Make a definitive timeframe to achieve objectives. • Step 6:What if: Be ready with the alternate action plan- what if first plans fails.

23. 4.Strategic planning • Usually strategic and long range planning is undertaken by the top level, which involves, • →Detail analysis of strength,weakness,oppournities and threats (SWOT)of organization both internal or external environment. • →Developing philosophy and formulation of policies and objectives. • →Allocation of resources on the basis of priority • →Evaluation of activities to increase efficiency. • →Providing proper direction to avoid duplication of services.

24. PLANNING PROCESS • Planning cycle may be considered in eight steps, • 1. Assessing the planning environment. • 2. Data collection and data analysis for bringing out the problems and potentials of the area. • 3. Strategy formulation and setting realistic targets for the plan. • 4. Participatory plan formulation.

25. Contd.. • 5. Plan authentication and linking the plan with the plan at the near higher level. • 6. Task adoption and plan implementation. • 7. Mid term appraisal and making corrections. • 8. Evaluation and replanning.

26. PLANNINGWARD MANAGEMENT

27. DEFINITION • Ward management is the responsibility of the head nurse and her nursing team. • The ward management includes : • management of client care • management of the personnel • management of supplies and equipment • management of environment.

28. I.MANAGEMENT OF CLIENT CARE 1.Admission and orientation of the client • the hospital as a whole and to the particular ward or unit where he will be admitted to • the routines of the hospital – doctor’s visiting time , visitor’s time for meals etc. • rules and regulations pertaining to the clients and his relatives

29. Conti… • personnel working in the department and other clients admitted in the same department. • ward equipment that may be used for the client e.g. : a cardiac monitor • ward procedures.

30. 2. Assessment of client’s needs& care • To establish a patent airway and to ensure that the client is breathing normally. • To check for adequate circulation and tissue perfusion ( oxygenation) • To provide for the psychological support and meeting the spiritual needs. • To prevent the development of complications

31. Conti… • To support the activities of daily living (ADL) , • To provide for continuous monitoring of the client. • To facilitate rehabilitation of the client

32. Conti.. • To educate the client and his family in the area of their knowledge deficit. • To provide for the comfort of the client by eliminating pain, insomnia , boredom , inactivity etc. • To ensure safety for the client.

33. Contd… 3.Progressive client care • Organizing client care units according to client needs for medical and nursing care. a. Intensive care Units b. Intermediate care Unit c. Self care Units

34. Contd.. 4. Priority Nursing Care Malow’s Hierarchy needs • Physiological needs • Safety needs • Love and belonging • Self Esteem • Self actualization

35. Contd 5. Assignment of Personnel for Client Care • Functional method • Client method of Assignment • Team Nursing • Nurse client ratio

36. Contd 6. Planning the time schedules & work schedules • To provide adequate Nursing care each day • To provide best possible experience for each personnel • To promote good relationship and satisfaction

37. Contd 7. Ward Rounds 8. Records and Reports • 24 Hours Report • Census Report • Birth & Death Report • Anecdotal Report

38. Contd • 9. Management of Emergencies • 10. Client Teaching • 11. Appraisal of Nursing Service

39. II. MANAGEMENT OF THE PERSONNEL

40. II. MANAGEMENT OF THE PERSONNEL 1.Orientation of the new personnel 2.Supervision of the personnel & delegation of authority 3.Establishment of IPR 4.Evaluation of the personnel 5.Staff conferences 6.Staff development Programme 7.Health, Safety & Welfare of the personnel

41. III.MANAGEMENT OF SUPPLIES & EQUIPMENT

42. III.MANAGEMENT OF SUPPLIES & EQUIPMENT • 1.Inadequate supply of materials • 2. Equipment may be out of order • 3. Supplies & Equipment may be in accessible • 4. Equipment is in conveniently located

43. Contd…. • KEEPING AN ADEQUATE SUPPLY AT HAND • 1. Standard for quantity of each item • 2. System for replacing broken equipment • 3. Regular inventories • 4. Intelligent ordering

44. IV.MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENT

45. IV.MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENT • 1. Adequate Lighting • 2.Prevention of Noise • 3.Elimination of unpleasant odours • 4.Dust control • 5.Safe water supply

46. Contd.. • 6.Safe disposal of waste • 7. Freedom from insects • 8. Provision of adequate privacy • 9. Prevention of cross infection • 10. Control of visitors

47. SUMMARY • A knowledge of all the duties to be performed on the ward • A planned programme for each day’s work • Beginning the day on time • Preventing interruptions • Establishment of ward routines • Use of democratic methods in establishment of ward policy • Orientation of new staff members

48. Conti… • Orientation of hospital • Maintenance of a suitable environment. • Provision of supplies and equipment for efficient work. • Clear-cut doctors’ and nurses’ orders • Record keeping • Reporting

49. Conti… • Maintenance of high morale among all members of the staff. • Establishment of good working relationships within the ward and with other associates. • Delegation of responsibility • Well- planned assignments • Well-arranged time for personnel • Good teaching • Supervision

50. CONCLUSION • Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a coordinated and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objectives for any work.