Intro to Second Semester!!!!

1. Intro to Second Semester!!!! Forensic Science Ms. Martin

2. Catalyst (do now) • IF you were in my class last semester, what did we learn last semester and what should new students should know about me • IF you are new to my class (hi!), what are you looking forward to learning in earth science this semester

3. Ms. Martin • Email: caitlin.mrtn@gmail.com • 845-323-0675

4. Aim • Whats you can expect of me and what will i expect of you? • What’s our exciting first new unit? • Agenda • Little overview of the rules & whatnot • Little overview of what this semester will look like • Little intro to our first new unit

5. Learning target • I CAN ...

6. Rules and Stuff • Homework completed and present at the beginning of class. No going to lockers to get it. • If complete, get stamp. If incomplete, get called out. If not on desk when stamper gets to you, you get a zero. • Complete work THOUGHTFULLY and come prepared to ask questions and discuss. • Homework plagiarism will be given a zero on both ends.

7. Class Jobs • Homework stamper • Filer • Paper collector

8. Late Work

9. Behavior

10. What this semester looks like • Forensic Drug Analysis • Forensic Toxicology • DNA Fingerprinting • Fingerprinting • Forensic Psychaitry

11. What do you know already about categories of drugs? • Something you’ve seen before in health class... Do you remember? • Each group gets a baggie (3 in each) • Match drug category (yellow paper) with description (blue paper) with drugs in the category (green paper) and some pics (white paper)

12. After 10 minutes... • You’ll rotate to another groups and critique their organization • Spending 2 minutes at each station - Comparing • First: write what was DIFFERENT that they did • Second: write what was SIMILAR • Third: Return to yours – read feedback, make changes.

13. Day 2

14. Catalyst (do now) • Which drugs that were EASY to classify yesterday • Which drugs were DIFFICULT to classify yesterday?

15. Ms. Martin • Email: caitlin.mrtn@gmail.com • 845-323-0675

16. Aim • What is the difference between a psychological dependence and a physical dependence? • Agenda • Mini Lesson • Practice

17. Learning Goal • I can name and classify the commonly abused drugs.

18. What is a drug? • A drug is a natural or synthetic substance that is produces physiological or psychological effects in humans or other animals • What does synthetic mean? • Made in a laboratory

19. Why is it important to study drugs in forensics? • Approximately 23 million people in the US use illicit drugs • >75% of the evidence evaluated by crime labs in the US is drug related • Field of forensic drug analysis is expanding

20. Drug Dependence How dependent someone becomes depends on: • Nature of drug • Route of administration • Dose • Frequency • Individuals metabolism

21. Drug Dependence ALSOOo depends on other factors such as • Users expectations • Societies attitudes and possible responses • Location in which drugs are used

22. Whats a stereotype of a drug user? • Addicts = hopeless social drop outs • Reality = most users look and act normal • Involved in community • Different psychological reasons  drug use/abuse.

23. Psychological dependence • Conditioned use of drug caused by underlying emotional needs • Ex of conditioned response: person is sad  uses a drug  feels happy  drug wears off  feels sad again  uses drug 

24. Catalyst • Use your notes from yesterday • 1. In your own words, what makes a drug a drug? • 2. Name at least 3 factors that determine addiction

25. Aim • What is the difference between a psychological dependence and a physical dependence? • Agenda • Mini Lesson • Practice

26. Learning Goal • I can name and classify the commonly abused drugs.

27. Example 2 – alcohol • Not all alcohol drinkers psychologically dependent • Some use alcohol as a crutch for dealing with lifes stresses and anxieties

28. Drugs with big chance of psychological dependence • Morphine • Heroin • Barbituates • Alcohol • Amphetamines • Cocaine • Nicotine • PCP

29. Physical Dependence • Physiological need for a drug brought about by its regular use and characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration is stopped abruptly • What’s physiological? • What’s withdrawal? • What’s a abruptly

30. If you use drugs a lot, your body gets use to using them Withdrawal • Body chills • Vomiting • Stomach cramps • Convulsions • Insomnia • Pain • hallucinations

31. Only some drugs  physical dependence • Some drugs (marijuana, LSD, cocaine) cause high anxieties instead of withdrawal • Only develops when drug users have a regular schedule

32. OK now onto the drug categories • Narcotics • Depressants • Stimulants • Hallucinogens

33. Narcotics • (official def) A drug that induces sleep and depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, breathing rate • commonly the term used as a drug that is socially unacceptable

34. Opiates • Behave like morphine • Morphine = painkiller from an opium plant • Heroin = produced by reacting morphine with a different chemical acetic anhydride

35. Heroin • Injected intravenously (IV) • Intravenous = in the vein • Effects are instantaneous • High Psych Dependence • High Physical Dependence

36. Narcotics are very powerful analgesics • What does analgesic mean? • A substance that lessens or eliminates pain • Codeine – cough suppressent and pain releiver

37. Synthetic Opiates • What does synthetic mean again? • Methadone – has similar effects as heroin • Reduces/ Eliminates desire for heroin • Used in controversial treatments. • Because its being used more in legitimate circumstances  more on the market

38. OxyContin • Relatively newly approved pain killer (1995) • Perscribed to millions for chronic pain • Time release factor  reduce addiction? • Actualllllly no. Has been BETTER for addiction • Robbed pharmacies, countfit prescriptions, etc.

40. Catalyst – entrance ticket! • (complete individually, collected in 4 minutes) • OPEN BOOK! Use YOUR notes from yesterday • 1. List at least 3 effects of withdrawal • 2. Whats the difference between physical and psychological dependence?

41. Aim • What are hallucinogens, stimulants, and depressants? Which drugs fall into those categories? • Agenda • Mini Lesson • Practice

42. Learning Goal • I can name and classify the commonly abused drugs.

43. Hallucinogens • A substance that induces change in normal thought processes, perceptions, and mood. • Most popular and controversial is... • Marijuana

44. Marijuana • Scientific name: Cannabis sativa • A weed that grows under most climatic conditions • Contains tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) • THC  psychoactive effects in users

45. THC • Amount of THC in plant varies in different parts. • Greatest concentration in sticky resin produced by plant (hashish) • Less is found in flowers and leaves, even less in stem, roots or seeds • Potency depends on combination of each to be smoked or eaten

46. Easily most widely used illicit drug in US • >43 million Americans have tried Marijuana • Almost half reported being regular users • Currently being used in medical field • Reduces ey presure in glaucoma • Lessenng of nausea caused by other powerful drugs • Muscle relaxant

47. Heavy users develop psychological dependence Effects • Increased heart rate • Dry mouth • Redenned eyes • Impaired motor skills and concentration • Frequent hunger • Increased desire for sweets

48. Other hallucinogens • Naturally occurring • Mescaline • Psilocybin • Synthetic • LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide) • PCP (phencyclidine)

49. LSD • Made from lysergic acid, found in fungus that attacks grains • Produces big changes in mood, leading to laughing or crying when provoked slightly • Anxiety and tension • Veryyyyy potent. Very tiny amounts can lead to hallucinations for 12 hrs • Prone to flashbacks, psych breaks after

50. PCP • Often made in clandestine laboratories • Often mixed with other drugs • LSD or amphetamine • Can be smoked, ingested, sniffed • Effects: feelings of strength and invulnerability, dreamy sense of detachment  unresponsive, confused, agitated, deoressed, isolated, hallucinate