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Exact Schemes

Exact Schemes. Divides information into mutually exclusive groups Category Time Location Alphabet Continuum. Category. Pertains to organization of good or services Retail site often used this scheme Different models, types, or questions Enforced by color. Time .

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Exact Schemes

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  1. Exact Schemes • Divides information into mutually exclusive groups • Category • Time • Location • Alphabet • Continuum

  2. Category Pertains to organization of good or services • Retail site often used this scheme • Different models, types, or questions • Enforced by color

  3. Time Organize events which happened over fixed duration • Calendar • Timeline

  4. Location Categorize and compare information which comes from different locales or sources • Multinational sites • Medical sites

  5. Alphabet • Dictionaries • Phone books • yahoo.com • When all else fails

  6. Continuum Organizes items by magnitude from small to large • Least expensive to most expensive • Ranking of preference • Order of importants

  7. Ambiguous Schemes • Divide information into categories which defy exact definition • Difficult to design and maintain • Difficult to use

  8. Ambiguous Schemes • Mired in language ambiguity Example: hit • To strike • To touch • Reach one’s goals • A success (top 40’s) • Baseball

  9. Ambiguous Schemes • More useful • More powerful • Allows for concept of “fuzzy”

  10. Ambiguous Schemes • Topical • Task-oriented • Audience specific • Metaphor driven • Hybrid schemes

  11. Topical Organizational method orders items by subject • Library of Congress • Table of Contents • Academic course listings

  12. Task-oriented Organizational scheme into collection of: • Functions • Services • Tasks

  13. Audience specific Useful when there are two or more audience types Bank has links for: • Individuals • Small Business • Corporations

  14. Metaphor driven • Use a metaphor to organize content • Inherents advantages/problems of metaphors

  15. Hybrid schemes • Combine multiple organizational schemes • Need clear separations or usability will suffer

  16. Organizational Structures • Defines relationships among groups created by organizational scheme • Crucial to design • Important in web site design

  17. Organizational Structures • Hierarchy • Database oriented • Hypertext • Form basis for web site navigation

  18. Organizational StructuresHierarchy • Structure according to rank or level Examples: • Family tree • Corporate structure • Books

  19. Organizational StructuresHierarchy Advantages: • Familiar • Successively refined detail Disadvantages: • True hierarchy requires backtracking

  20. Organizational StructuresHierarchy

  21. Organizational StructuresDatabase • Relational Database • Bottom-up approach • Searchable • Data-modeling can be time consuming

  22. Organizational StructuresDatabase

  23. Organizational StructuresHypertext • Non-linear way of structuring information • Connected hierarchically, non-hierarchically or both. • Flexible • Can be very confusing • Where am I

  24. Controlled Vocabulary • Web sites are collections of interconnected systems with complex dependencies • Meta-Data: data about data • Describes an organization across multiple terms

  25. Controlled Vocabulary Controlled Vocabulary: predetermined vocabulary of preferred terms that describes a particular domain Simplest: list of equivalent terms Complex: Thesaurus

  26. Controlled Vocabulary

  27. Synonym Ring Connected set of words which are defined as equivalent for purposes of retrieval

  28. Authority File List of preferred terms Acceptable values Example: • Postal codes • Common misspellings

  29. Classification Schemes • Hierarchical arrangements of preferred terms • Also called a taxonomy

  30. Thesaurus Book of: • Synonyms • Variant terms • Related terms • Opposite terms

  31. Controlled VocabularyThesaurus Terms

  32. Controlled VocabularyThesaurus Example

  33. Card Sorting • Method of created a controlled vocabulary • Creates sets of objects and verbs • Quick and cheap • Draws out users organize topics

  34. Card Sorting Differing types: • Open/Closes • Phrasing • Granularity • Heterogeneity • Cross-listing

  35. Visual Organization • Proximity • Alignment • Contrast • Consistency

  36. Visual Organization • Appearance Matters • Enforces content organization • Aids navigation • Influenced by human perception • Related to Page Design

  37. Proximity • Items close together are perceived as related • Group related items together • Separate unrelated items

  38. Alignment • Takes advantage of continuity to make objects appeared grouped • Virtual lines • Text alignment

  39. Contrast • Draws attention to items on page • Page with little contrast if hard to read

  40. Consistency • High degree of uniformity in layout • Consistency directly related to usability • Consistent site are much easier to navigate

  41. Consistency

  42. Page Layout

  43. Page Design • Related to visual organization • Provides balance between content organization and visual layout • Increases usability

  44. Page Scanning

  45. Page Size

  46. Page Size

  47. Top Of Page

  48. Wireframe • Blueprint for site page • Describes content and information architecture • Created for site’s most important pages • Not replacement for real visual design

  49. Wireframe

  50. Wireframe (LowFi)

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