Improving Pavement Performance Part 1

1. Improving Pavement PerformancePart 1 V2

2. Introduction • New Pavement design Procedure • Asset management • Funding and pavement maintenance • New technologies

3. New SAPDM • Also know as…

4. History – Damage models • Fatigue of asphalt wearing courses (Freeme – 1970s) • Fatigue of asphalt base layers including temperature (Published data – 1970s to 1980s) • Permanent deformation for unbound material (Maree – 1970s to 1980s) • Effective fatigue and crushing failure for cement stabilized layers (de Beer – 1980s) • Vertical strain criteria for subgrade (Dorman and Metcalf – 1965) 1970’s – 1980’s

5. History of pavement performance in South-Africa • Isolated from international community: late 1970’s to mid 1990’s • Oil ?? • Thick asphalt pavements  NO-NO • $$$ ?? • Need to stretch every cent • Force innovation

6. Problems with current method • Past implementation exposed all the weaknesses of the method • Users became disillusioned with the method • Counter-intuitive and inadmissible results • Extreme sensitivity of the method to input • Inconsistent input • Resilient response (FWD, MDD, Laboratory) • Strength parameters • Outdated models • Too many unexplained effects (chaos)

7. R&D Dream #1: Close Gap Between Reality and Theory Reality Theory Rut Terminal rut Roughness Terminal IRI Extent of fatigue Time Adjust the Theory to Predict Reality

8. R&D Dream #2: Levelling the Playing Field Overall system just as good as Weakest Link

9. R&D Dream #3: Single “Tool” – Different User/Risk Levels User Design application • Design scenario: • Routine and preliminary design • Low risk • Low design experience • Known materials – default input • Conventional material classification Young professional • Design scenario: • Important design • Medium risk • Seasoned professional designer • Project specific input Seasoned professional • Design scenario: • Very important design, high risk • Special investigations • Specialist designer • Unusual materials • Project specific input Design Specialist

10. Process • May 2005: RPF initiate process • November 2005: P&R framework established • November 2006: Project briefs ready • February 2008 – PPIS • revisit LTPP sections • Three horizons of deliverables: • Short: 12 to 18 months • Med: 5 to 8 years • Long: 8 to 12 years

11. Concept

13. It will include: • Traffic loading predictions • Material resilient response • Pavement resilient response • Damage models • Probalistic and recursive schemes • Predict pavement response/performance, not E80’s

14. Asset Management

15. What is Asset Management ? Good A Fair B Poor Very Poor (Typically Designed for Traffic Expected over 20-30 Years) Two Roads, same condition & traffic – but only budget for one ?

16. Asset management: Why is it important? 75% of Network Older than Original 20 Year Design Life

17. What Is The Price We Pay (SANRAL) Repair Cost = X / km Repair Cost = 6X / km Good Fair Repair Cost = 18X / km Poor 3-5 Years Very Poor 5-8 Years

18. What Is The Price We Pay – Road User Good Condition Poor Condition Very Poor Condition Good Poor Based on HDM-4 Modeling

19. Extending pavement life? Road Deterioration due to Traffic Loading & Environment Maintenance Actions Good Fair Moisture Ingress Poor No Maintenance Very Poor (Typically Designed for Traffic Expected over 20-30 Years)

20. Asset management = planning

21. Asset Management System Building Blocks/Puzzle Pieces of AMS Funding Policy/ Procedures People Data Hardware Software • Policy/Procedures – Principles/Rules to Guide Decisions and achieve rational outcomes – what, where, when, how. • Funding– Financial resources for operation and results implementation. • People- People make decisions, the rest are just to support the process. • Hardware– Road Survey Equipment + IT Infrastructure. • Software– Computer based data Analysis and Storage Tools. • Data– Knowing what you have, its condition and performance Trend.

22. Asset Management System - Success Funding Policy/ Procedures People Hardware Data Software • For asset management to be successful all the “pieces of the puzzle” need to be in place in a “balanced equilibrium” • It does not help you have the most advance survey vehicle but no means to effectively store and analyse the data, or • Have the most sophisticate software, but the quality of your data is suspect ! • Without Funding and People – Nothing will happen !!!

23. Collect data • Road condition • Roughness, Rutting, micro & macro texture, cracking, alignment, ROW video, deflections • Traffic • Counts, WIM, • Driver behaviour • Bridges • Etc…

24. Road Deterioration & Maintenance Effects Economic Analysis & Optimisation AMS Software - Life Cycle Modelling Condition Surveys Dynamic Segmentation Uniform Sections Road User Effects Centralised Database

25. Performance prediction • Use commercially available “off the shelf” software • HDM4 • PERS • dTIMS • Prediction models updated regularly • Calibrated against LTPP sections

26. Effect of intervention on pavement performance Good Fair Poor Very Poor (Typically Designed for Traffic Expected over 20-30 Years)

27. SANRAL AMS Budgeting Procedure Eastern Northern Southern Western Programming Programming Programming Programming Instrumental Data Bridge Inspections Traffic RUE RUE PMS BMS RDME BDME CBA CBA Priority List Priority List Pavement Management System Bridge Management System Super Project List BudgetOptimisation

29. Road maintenance funding • Before 1994 • Provincial road maintenance allocated nationally • 1994 onwards • Provincial road maintenance allocated provincially • Compete with Health, Education, etc • National roads • Nationally allocated

30. Future or Road maintenance funding in South Africa • New bill • provincial road maintenance not from provincial fiscus • Nationally via SANRAL • BUT: Provincial authorities to have asset management system in place + data < 2 years old • Capital projects still from provincial fiscus • Metros and municipalities to follow • Main reason  Roads national asset

31. End of part 1