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ENGINEERING DRAWING VISUALIZATION

ENGINEERING DRAWING VISUALIZATION. Axonometric & Oblique Projection. Parallel & normal to picture plane. B. A. D. C. B. Line of sight. A. D. C. Axonometric Projection. a. b. c. B. A. a. D. c. C. b. B. a. A. c. b. D. C. Axonometric Projection.

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ENGINEERING DRAWING VISUALIZATION

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  1. ENGINEERING DRAWING VISUALIZATION

  2. Axonometric & Oblique Projection

  3. Parallel & normal to picture plane B A D C B Line of sight A D C Axonometric Projection

  4. a b c B A a D c C b B a A c b D C Axonometric Projection Type of axonometric drawing Axonometric axis 1. Isometric All angles are equal. Axonometric axis Two angles are equal. 2. Dimetric Axonometric axis None of angles are equal. 3. Trimetric

  5. A A Line of sight B B C C D D Oblique Projection Parallel & oblique to picture plane

  6. 45o 60o A 30o B C B A D D C Full scale Half scale 45o 45o Oblique Projection Oblique drawing angle Type of Oblique drawing 2) Cabinet 1) Cavalier

  7. Isometric Projection & Isometric drawing

  8. Isometric Projection Rotate 45 about vertical axis Tilt forward (35o16’) All edges foreshorten about 0.8 time.

  9. Forshorten Full scale Isometric Drawing Isometric drawing is a drawing drawn on an isometricaxes using full scale. Isometric drawing (Full scale) Isometric projection (True projection)

  10. Positions of Isometric Axes Isometric axes can be arbitrarily positioned to create different views of a single object. Regular isometric Reverse axis isometric Long axis isometric View point is looking down on the top of the object. View point is looking from the right (or left) of the object. View point is looking up on the bottom of the object.

  11. True-length distances are shown alongisometric lines. Isometric line is the line that run parallel to any of the isometric axes. Distance in Isometric Drawing Nonisometric lines Isometric axes

  12. Isometric Sketching

  13. Sketch from an actual object STEPS 1. Positioning object. 2. Select isometric axis. 3. Sketch enclosing box. 4. Add details. 5. Darken visible lines.

  14. In isometric sketch/drawing), hidden lines are omittedunless they are absolutely necessary to completelydescribe the object. Note Sketch from an actual object STEPS 1. Positioning object. 2. Select isometric axis. 3. Sketch enclosing box. 4. Add details. 5. Darken visible lines.

  15. Sketch from multiview drawing 1. Interprete the meaning of lines/areas in multiview drawing. 2. Locate the lines or surfaces relative to isometric axis.

  16. Top H Top View Front Side W D Front View Side View H Side D Front Bottom View W Bottom Example 1 : Object has only normal surfaces Regular Reverse

  17. D Nonisometric line q y H y x Front View x W Example 2 : Object has inclined surfaces

  18. x B A x C x x B B A C y y C A Nonisometric line Example 3 : Object has inclined surfaces

  19. x C y E A D F B Front View B D C A E F Example 4 Regular Reverse

  20. In isometric drawing, a circle appears as an ellipse. Circle & Arc in Isometric Sketching Steps 1. Locate the centre of an ellipse. 2. Construct an isometric square. 3. Sketch arcs that connect the tangent points.

  21. Four-centremethod is usually used when drawn an isometric ellipse with drawing instrument. Circle & Arc in Isometric Sketching Steps 1. Locate the centre of an ellipse. 2. Construct an isometric square. 3. Construct a perpendicular bisector from each tangent point. 4. Locate the four centres. 5. Draw the arcs with these centres and tangent to isometric square.

  22. Example 5

  23. Irregular Curve in Isometric Steps 1. Construct points along the curve in multiview drawing. 2. Locate these points in the isometric view. 3. Sketch the connecting lines.

  24. Oblique Sketching

  25. Object Orientation Guidelines Place complex features (arc, hole, irregular shape surface parallel to frontal plane.

  26. Object Orientation Guidelines The longest dimension of an object should be parallel to the frontal plane. GOOD GOOD WORSE WORSE

  27. Object Orientation Guidelines Which orientation is better ?

  28. D 45 Sketch from actual object ESTIMATE DEPTH ESTIMATE LINES

  29. Sketch from multiview drawing

  30. Sketch from multiview drawing

  31. E D C B A Sketch from multiview drawing

  32. Sketch from multiview drawing E D C B A

  33. Sketch from multiview drawing E D C B A

  34. Sketch from multiview drawing E D C B A

  35. Oblique and Isometric Drawings GSMST

  36. Cavalier Oblique • Front view true size • Receding Axis Angle (Normally 30°, 45° or 60°) is Variable • Depth dimension (receding axis) true size

  37. Cabinet Oblique • Front view true size • Receding Axis Angle (Normally 30°, 45° or 60°) is Variable • Depth dimension (receding axis) half size

  38. Side by Side Comparison Cavalier Oblique Cabinet Oblique

  39. Which is the cube ?

  40. Were you right?

  41. Angles in Oblique • Angles in front view are drawn true size • Other angles must be located using coordinates • Appearance of angles may be distorted

  42. Circles in Oblique • Drawn true size in front view • Drawn as ellipses on receding planes • Layout using a Rhombus

  43. Cylinders in Oblique • Front and Back surfaces are circular • “Sides” are drawn as lines tangent to the front and back

  44. Types of Axonometrics

  45. Orientation of Pictorial Objects

  46. Isometrics • Axes equally separated (120°) • H, W, and D measurements are true size along iso. axes • Angles must be located by coordinates • Circles appear as ellipses on all surfaces

  47. Isometric Circles & Angles

  48. Isometric Ellipses

  49. Using the Ellipse Template

  50. Drawing Rounded Corners

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