Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detec-tion and Classification using Physics-Based Models

1. Sequential Adaptive Multi-Modality Target Detec-tion and Classification using Physics-Based Models • Professor Andrew E. Yagle (PI) (EECS) Mine detection, channel identification • Professor Alfred O. Hero III (EECS) Sensor scheduling, nonparametric statistical models • Professor Kamal Sarabandi (Director, Rad Lab) Vehicle and foliage physics-based modelling • Assistant Professor Marcin Bownik (Mathematics) Basis functions and mathematical modelling

2. Accomplishments: A.E. Yagle • Developed range-migration algorithm (RMA) for landmine detection using ground-pene-trating radar (GPR) [with Jay Marble] • Tested RMA algorithm on actual buried mine data; parallel lines signature [with Jay Marble] • Developed 2-D and 3-D blind deconvolution algorithms for even PSFs [with Siddhart Shah] (will apply to scattering channel effects) • Developed basis function inverse scattering algorithm (Green’s function representation)

3. Goals for Next Year: A.E. Yagle • Apply basis function inverse scattering to bases developed by Bownik • Mine signature detection using transforms to detect hyperbolae (prestack) vs. lines • Apply to channel identification for radar • NEW: Do not require even PSF; can also handle non-compact image; Bezout lemma

4. Publications Supported: A.E. Yagle • A.E. Yagle and S. Shah, “2-D Blind Deconvolution of Even Point-Spread Functions from Compact-Support Images,” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc. • A.E. Yagle and S. Shah, “3-D Blind Deconvolution of Even Point-Spread Functions from Compact-Support Images,” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc. • A.E. Yagle and S. Shah, “2-D Blind Deconvolution of Compact-Support Images using Bezout’s Lemma and a Spline-Based Image Model,” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc.

5. Publications Supported: A.E.Yagle 4. A.E. Yagle, “A Simple Closed-Form Linear Algebraic Solution to the Single-Blur 2-D Blind Deconvolution Problem,” submitted to LAA • A.E. Yagle, “A Closed-Form Linear Algebraic Solution to 2-D Phase Retrieval,” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc. • A.E. Yagle, “Fast Spatially-Varying 2-D Blind Deconvolution of Binary Images,” submitted to IEEE Trans. Image Proc.

6. Publications Supported: A.E. Yagle 7. A.E. Yagle and F. Al-Salem, Fast Non-Iterative Single-Blur 2-D Blind Deconvolution of Separable and Low-Rank PSFs from Compact-Support Images,” Proc. SPIE, San Diego, 2003 8. A.E. Yagle, “Blind Superresolution from Undersampled Blurred Measurements,” Proc. SPIE, San Diego, August 2003 9. J. Marble, “A Method for Determining Size and Burial Depth of Landmines using Ground-Penetrating Radar” Tech. Report, May 2003

7. HERO: Accomplishments • Developed non-parametric statistical modelling using MRFs for target+clutter vs. clutter • Developed target model reduction technique • Developed distributed multisensor detection using hierarchical sensor aggregation • Developed myopic sequential adaptive sensor management for tracking

8. Publications(02-03): Estimation-Classification • J. Costa and A. O. Hero, “Manifold learning with geodesic minimal spanning trees,” submitted to IEEE T-SP (Special Issue on Machine Learning), July 2003. • A. O. Hero, J. Costa and B. Ma, "Convergence rates of minimal graphs with random vertices," submitted to IEEE T-IT, March 2003. • J. Costa, A. O. Hero and C. Vignat, "On solutions to multivariate maximum alpha-entropy Problems", in Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (EMM-CVPR), Eds. M. Figueiredo, R. Rangagaran, J. Zerubia, Springer-Verlag, 2003 • D. Blatt and A. Hero, "Asymptotic distribution of log-likelihood maximization based algorithms and applications," in Energy Minimization Methods in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (EMM-CVPR), Eds. M. Figueiredo, R. Rangagaran, J. Zerubia, Springer-Verlag, 2003

9. Publications(02-03): Sensor Management • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Sensor management using relevance feedback learning,” submitted to IEEE T-SP, June 2003 • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Multitarget tracking using particle representation of the joint multi-target density,” submitted to IEEE T-AES, Aug. 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Castella, and A. O. Hero, "Multitarget sensor management using alpha divergence measures,” Proc First IEEE Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks , Palo Alto, April 2003. • C..Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “A Bayesian Method for Integrated Multitarget Tracking and Sensor Management”, 6th International Conference on Information Fusion, Cairns, Australia, July 2003.

10. Publications(02-03): Sensor Management(ctd) • C. Kreucher, C., Kastella, K., and Hero, A., “Tracking Multiple Targets Using a Particle Filter Representation of the Joint Multitarget Probability Density”, SPIE, San Diego California, August 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Information-based sensor management for multitarget tracking”, SPIE, San Diego, California, August 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Particle filtering and information prediction for sensor management”, 2003 Defense Applications of Data Fusion Workshop, Adelaide, Australia, July 2003. • C. Kreucher, K. Kastella, and A. Hero, “Information Based Sensor Management for Multitarget Tracking”, Proc. Workshop on Multiple Hypothesis Tracking: A Tribute to Samuel S. Blackman, San Diego, CA, May 30, 2003.

11. Publications(02-03): SP for Sensor Nets • N. Patwari and A. O. Hero, "Hierarchical censoring for distributed detection in wireless sensor networks,” Proc. Of ICASSP, Hong Kong, April 2003. • N. Patwari, A. O. Hero, M. Perkins, N. S. Correal and R. J. O'Dea, "Relative location estimation in sensor networks,” IEEE T-SP, vol. 51, No. 9, pp. 2137-2148, Aug. 2003. • A. O. Hero , “Secure space-time communication," to appear in IEEE T-IT, Dec. 2003. • M.F. Shih and A. O. Hero, "Unicast-based inference of network link delay distributions using mixed finite mixture models," IEEE T-SP, vol. 51, No. 9, pp. 2219-2228, Aug. 2003.

12. Sarabandi: Accomplishments • Performed phenomenological studies of: • (a) physics-based clutter models • (b) physics-based target models • Developed SAR/INSAR image simulator • Developed time-reversal method for foliage camouflaged target detection • Developed iterative frequency-correlation-based forest radar channel identification

13. Accomplishments/Future Activities: Kamal Sarabandi • Clutter model improvement: inclusion of effect of multiple scattering among needles, generalized formulation for scattering from broad leaf. • Development of model for estimation of scattering from targets embedded in forested environment • Hybrid forest/FDTD • Hybrid forest/PO • Investigation on the application of TRM for beam focusing through foliage. (communication, target detection) • 4.Investigation on theapplication of FCF for retrieving response of a forest. • 5. High frequency SAR simulator.

14. Publications Supported: K. Sarabandi Wang, F., and K. Sarabandi, “An Enhanced Microwave and Millimeter-wave Foliage Propagation Model,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, submitted August 2003. Sarabandi, K., and A. Nashashibi, “Phenomenology of Millimeter-wave Signal Propagation and Scattering for Detection of Targets Camouflaged Under Foliage”, Proceeding: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Toulouse, France, July 21-25, 2003. Telpukhovskiy, E.D., V. P. Yakubov, K. Sarabandi, V. L. Mironov, and V. M. Tsepelev, “Wideband Radar Phenomenology of Forest Stands”, Proceeding: IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Toulouse, France, July 21-25, 2003.

15. Publications Supported: K. Sarabandi Wang, F., I. Koh, and K. Sarabandi, “Theory and Measurements of Millimeter-wave Propagation Through Foliage”, Proceeding: IEEE International Antennas and Propagation & URSI Symposium, Columbus, OH, June 22-27, 2003. Sarabandi, K., and A. Nashashibi, “Detection of Hard Targets Camouflaged Under Foliage Using Millimeter-wave Radars”, Proceeding: IEEE International Antennas and Propagation & URSI Symposium, Columbus, OH, June 22-27, 2003. Koh, I.S., and K. Sarabandi, “On Single Scattering Theory for Estimation of Coherent Attenuation Through Dense Foliage at Millimeter-wave Frequencies”, Proceeding: IEEE International Antennas and Propagation & URSI Symposium, San Antonio, Texas, June 16-21, 2002.