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Introduction Estimation of power density, theoretical method

Study estimating radiation levels near FM, UHF, GSM, and WiMAX antennas, comparing with safety limits and determining safe distances. Conclusions and theoretical methods discussed.

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Introduction Estimation of power density, theoretical method

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  1. Estimation of the Non Ionizing Radiation Level in the vicinity of FM Transmitters, UHF Television Transmitters, GSM Antennas and WiMAX Antennas • Introduction • Estimation of power density, theoretical method • ICNIRP Limits for public and occupational • Estimations results • Conclusions B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  2. Introduction • Estimation of the non ionizing radiation level in the vicinity of : • radio FM transmitters, • UHF television transmitters, • GSM antennas • WiMAX antennas • and the comparison of theoretical values with exposure limits for public and occupational limits, offers the possibility of knowing the minimum safety distance from antennas • The value of power density radiated antennas and its effect on human body is a problem that has been concerning the society, specialist and research institutes for many years. • International organizations like ICNIRP and WHO have published limits for public and occupational exposure levels and many countries use these references for determining if the radiated level is acceptable or not in a given distance from the antenna. B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  3. Estimationof power density, theoretical method Estimation of power density Collinear antenna and the horizontal plan (XOR) where we estimate the peak power density Estimation of peak power density Estimation of the distance of S (peak) B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  4. Estimationof power density, theoretical method B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  5. ICNIRP Limits for public and occupational Values of RPeak (SPeak) for different applications B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  6. Estimations results, FM 96MHZ B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  7. Estimations results, UHF 690MHZ B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  8. Estimations results, GSM 900MHZ B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  9. Estimations results, WiMAX 3.5GHZ B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

  10. Conclusions • Estimated values for Peak Power Density over distance, can be taken using a simplified theoretical way considering ideal conditions for wave propagation • Comparing the estimated values with ICNIRP values, we create an idea for the compliance distance where the radiation level is lower than the limits for public and occupational exposure • For applications like: FM, UHF, GSM900, GSM1800 and WiMAX the ICNIRP limit values take place in different distances from antennas and based on the results: • the distances are decreasing starting from UHF to WiMAX frequencies • The same thing can be said also for FM application compared to UHF application, even if in the case studied the distance is higher in UHF frequencies due to the difference in power in the two applications. • In practice, the azimuth and the elevation angle for estimation of the power density should also be considered • In this paper we did not considered them in order to calculate the highest peak power density. B. Kamo, R. Miho, A.Lala, O.Shurdi FTI, UPT, Tirana

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