Nutrition + Wellness

1. Nutrition + Wellness Unit 3 Nutrition: Take it Personally!

2. Food Additive MyPyramid Bulimia Nervosa Anorexia Nervosa Irradiation Eating Disorder Genetic Engineering Dietary Guidelines for Americans Binge Eating Disorder Food-Drug Interaction (3.1)—10 Terms to Know--

3. 1. • A psychological disorder in which one eats very little or refuses to eat--

4. 1. • Anorexia Nervosa

5. 2. • A psychological disorder in which one binges but does not purge or exercise excessively--

6. 2. • Binge Eating Disorder

7. 3. • A psychological disorder in which one repeatedly binges & then purges--

8. 3. • Bulimia Nervosa

9. 4. • A set of guidelines about food choices developed by the U.S. government--

10. 4. • Dietary Guidelines for Americans

11. 5. • Extreme, unhealthy behavior relating to food, eating & weight--

12. 5. • Eating Disorder

13. 6. • A substance added to food products that causes desired changes in the products--

14. 6. • Food Additive

15. 7. • A physical or chemical effect a drug has on a food or a food has on a drug--

16. 7. • Food-Drug Interaction

17. 8. • The science of changing the genetic makeup of an organism--

18. 8. • Genetic Engineering

19. 9. • A commercial food preservation method that exposes food to gamma rays to increase shelf life & kill harmful microorganisms--

20. 9. • Irradiation

21. 10. • USDA’s guide for a personalized approach to healthy eating & physical activity, found at mypyramid.gov--

22. 10. • MyPyramid

23. 3.2-- • Describe the Dietary Guidelines for Americans & MyPyramid--

24. Dietary Guidelines for Americans- • 1. Aim for healthy weight—regular exercise, sensible food choices (overweight is linked to—high blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, diabetes) • 2. Be physically active daily—move the body 30-60 minutes daily (easier to lose weight) • 3. Let the Food Guide Pyramid guide food choices—no one food can supply all the nutrients in the amount you need (choose a variety of foods) • 4. Choose a variety of grains-whole grains are best (wheat, rice, oats)-protects against chronic diseases, low in fat, high in fiber • 5. Choose a variety of fruits & vegetables daily—provide essential vitamins, minerals, fiber—rich in different nutrients

25. Dietary Guidelines for Americans- • 6. Keep food safe to eat—free from bacteria, viruses, parasites, chemical contaminants • 7. Choose a diet low in saturated fat, cholesterol & moderate in total fat—linked to heart disease, stroke, obesity—only 30% of daily calories should come from fat—no more than 10% of daily calories should come from saturated fats • 8. Choose beverages & foods to moderate your intake of sugars—refined, white, granulated sugar—bad for you—brown sugar, honey, molasses, table syrups, soft drinks, desserts, candy, jelly—high in sugar & calories (no nutrients)—contributes to overweight & tooth decay

26. Dietary Guidelines for Americans- • 9. Choose & prepare foods with less salt –linked to high blood pressure—comes from processed foods & beverages—limit adding salt at the table & during cooking • 10. If you drink alcoholic beverages—supplies only calories—harmful to teeth & organs—causes accidents—leads to addiction—Cirrhosis of liver—inflammation of Pancreas—illegal if under age

27. 3.2.1-- • Define personal nutrition needs according to MyPyramid.gov—Daily needs: • Orange—Grains—6 oz • Green—Vegetables—2 ½ cups • Red—Fruits—2 cups • Blue—Milk—3 cups • Purple—Meat & Beans—5 ½ oz

29. Choose My Plate.gov • Addition to MyPyramid.gov

30. 3.2.2-- • Create & analyze a meal plan according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans & MyPyramid— • Assignment

31. 3.2.3-- • Critique daily food intake for prevention of potential health problems— • Analyze menu

32. 3.2.4-- • Demonstrate crepe maker, grill, &/or quesadilla maker to prepare healthier foods--

33. 3.3-- • Identify reliable sources of food & nutrition information— • Websites

34. 3.3.1-- • Analyze information on food labels— • Reading labels can help you meet your nutritional needs • First 3 ingredients are most prominent in product • Analyze sugars, carbs, fats (grams)

36. 3.3.2-- • Critique health claims related to nutrition + wellness— • You may be swayed by words used on food packaging to make products sound healthful • P 384-385-handout

37. 3.4-- • Examine the relationship of nutrition & wellness to individual & family health throughout the life cycle— • A. Pregnancy-- • Prenatal care—before birth—prenatal vitamins! • Mom nourishes baby through her body • 1st trimester—Folate (Folic Acid) prevents neural tube damage to the baby’s brain & spinal cord—obtained by fortified foods & supplements • 2nd trimester—All essential nutrients increase to build baby’s tissues—Protein for bones & teeth—Iron supports fetus growth—Folate aids brain development—Zinc supports growth—Magnesium for healthy bones & teeth—Iron for red blood cells—Iodine supports Thyroid

38. B. Infancy- • A healthy diet is more important during the 1st year of life than at any other time in the lifecycle! • Infant’s weight has tripled—length is 1-1/2 times birth length Breast milk fosters brain development, easy to digest, contains immune substances that resist infections, protection from developing allergies

39. B. Infancy- • Infant formula—provides adequate amounts of nutrients to nourish baby • Cow’s milk, egg white, orange juice, wheat, peanuts should not be given (difficult to digest & causes choking) • Solid foods—gradual about 5 months— • 1-Iron fortified baby cereal & rice • 2-Pureed vegetables & fruits • 3-Strained meats • 4-Food mixtures

40. B. Infancy- • (Fortified—food products to which nutrients have been added in greater amounts than what would naturally occur) • 6 months—introduce fortified juice (apple) for Vitamin C in cup with 2 handles • Age 1—chew breads • *Always supervise eating time to prevent choking

41. C. Preschool- (Toddlers) • Plan all meals around Food Guide Pyramid—visual plan grouping foods of similar nutritive values in categories & giving recommended number of daily servings for each category • Baby becomes taller & thinner • Have unpredictable eating patterns • Have definite likes & dislikes • Should not force eating • Prefer 6 small meals instead of 3 large ones • Like bright colors & finger foods

42. D. Childhood- • Parents should not use food as a reward or punishment • Amount of food depends on growth rate & physical activity • Prefer mild flavored foods—easy to handle • Breakfast should supply ¼ of day’s total nutrients (does not have to be traditional breakfast foods) • Snacks can provide missing nutrients (fruit, raw vegetables, cheese cubes, custard, raisins, crackers, peanut butter)

43. D. Childhood- • Do not feed them high sugar—junk foods—kool-aid • Children do not have the decision-making skills to make wise lifestyle choices • Obese children become obese adults

44. E. Adolescence- • Undergo a growth spurt (period of rapid growth) • Girls—(10-14)=2200 calories needed daily • Boys—(12-17)=2800 calories needed daily • Teens need as many nutrients as adults • Busy schedules, skipped meals, reducing diets, junk foods make it difficult for teens to meet daily nutritional needs

45. E. Adolescence- • Snacks are eaten almost constantly—should be nutritious (fruit, juices, cheese, yogurt, vegetables, sandwiches, homemade cookies-made with raisins, nuts, oatmeal, & whole wheat flour)

46. F. Adulthood- • The need for Vitamins & Minerals never decreases • Adults have busy schedules, jobs, family responsibilities, outside activities & do not eat properly • Fast food is eaten on the run • Snack foods replace breads, fruit, vegetables • Sandwiches should be made with whole wheat bread • Busy families should cook several meals in one day & freeze for dinners during the week • Should eat raw vegetables, fruit, fat-free milk, lean meats • Limit salt, sugar, fat

47. Food Eaten on the Run • Fast food—contributes to weight gain

48. G. Older Adults- • Have limited incomes • Rising food prices & medication costs • Difficulty in shopping • Loneliness makes eating unappealing • Skin becomes less elastic • Heart works less efficiently • Mucous lining in the stomach becomes thinner • Changes in the gastric glands cause digestion problems • Organs, tissues are less active • Dental problems are common • Decrease in physical activity

49. G. Older Adults- • Require fewer calories • Osteoporosis is present in bones (Calcium supplement is needed) • Need to increase low impact exercise-walking, gardening, slow dancing) • Convenience products are advised because they take less effort to prepare • Precut frozen or canned vegetables can be substituted for fresh

50. H. Illness & Special Diets- • Doctors recommend modified diets to help treat many diseases • Recovering from surgery & illness increase the need for Protein, Vitamins & Minerals, Vitamin C & Zinc • Medications can affect nutritional status