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(1) a chemical reaction

Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is released. This is an example of (1) a chemical reaction (3) photosynthesis (2) a physical change (4) evaporation. (1) a chemical reaction.

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(1) a chemical reaction

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  1. Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is released. This is an example of • (1) a chemical reaction (3) photosynthesis (2) a physical change (4) evaporation (1) a chemical reaction

  2. Which setup below would require the least force to lift a 100-gram mass a distance of 10 centimeters? (1) Provides more mechanical advantage (3 supporting ropes)

  3. Which model is used by scientists to determine the properties of elements? • (1) a Punnett square (3) a pedigree chart (2) the Periodic Table (4) the rock cycle (2) the Periodic Table

  4. Base your answers to the following questions on the diagram below, which shows two insulated Styrofoam cups of water connected by an aluminum bar. The thermometers show the temperature of the water in cup A and cup B at the beginning of a heat-flow experiment.

  5. Which process is most responsible for the temperature changes that will take place? (1) radiation of heat from the water in the cups to the thermometers(2) conduction of heat through the aluminum bar(3) radiation of heat from the water in the cups into the air(4) conduction of heat through the air to the water in the cups (2) conduction of heat through the aluminum bar

  6. Over the next 15 minutes, which changes would most likely occur? (1) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will increase.(2) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will decrease.(3) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will increase.(4) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will decrease. (1) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will increase.

  7. The diagram below shows a pencil in a glass of water. When viewed from the side, the pencil appears to be broken. What process causes this to happen? • (1) absorption (3) reflection (2) evaporation (4) refraction (4) refraction

  8.     A student was given samples of four different liquids, A, B, C, and D. The student poured equal amounts of two different liquid samples into several test tubes. The results are shown in test tubes 1, 2, 3, and 4. What physical property of the liquids causes them to separate into different layers when poured into the test tubes? Density

  9. When equal amounts of liquids A, B, C, and D were placed into test tube 5, the liquids separated into four layers. A diagram of test tube 5 appears below. On the blank lines next to each layer, list the final order of the liquids as they would appear in test tube 5. [1] D C B A

  10. Base your answers to the following questions on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows a phase change represented by letter A. State the term for the phase change that occurs at A. freezing

  11. Explain why the phase change at A is a physical change There is no change into a new substance

  12. Base your answers to the following questions on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows two students ready to dive into a pool. Explain why student B has more potential energy than student A. Student B is higher over the pool than student A

  13. Student A dives from the board into the water. Explain why student A's kinetic energy decreases as the student enters the water. The water slows them down and decreases their kinetic energy

  14. Base your answers to the following questions on diagram 1 and diagram 2 below and on your knowledge of science.  The amount of force required to keep the same block of wood moving across the tabletop is shown in the diagrams.

  15. Circle the name of the device in the diagrams used to measure force.spring scale        voltmeter        thermometer        graduated cylinder

  16. What change could be made in the setup in diagram 1 to increase the amount of force necessary to move the block of wood? Add more mass to the block of wood.

  17. Explain why the round pencils in diagram 2 decreases the amount of force necessary to move the block of wood. It changes sliding friction into rolling friction.

  18. The diagram below shows an experiment to test a certain property of liquids. • Which property of the liquid is being tested?(1) density (3) conductivity (2) magnetic attraction (4) freezing point (3) conductivity

  19. A wet shirt is put on a clothesline to dry on a sunny day. The shirt dries because water molecules (1) gain heat energy and condense (2) gain heat energy and evaporate (3) lose heat energy and condense (4) lose heat energy and evaporate (2) gain heat energy and evaporate

  20. The diagram below shows a tall beaker with four different liquids and their densities. If a ball that has a density of 1.73 g/cm3 is placed in the beaker, where will the ball come to rest?(1) on top of liquid A (2) between liquids B and C (3) between liquids C and D (4) on the bottom of the beaker (3) between liquids C and D

  21. The four diagrams below model the results of mixing atoms of different substances. Each atom is represented by a different symbol. Which diagram correctly models a chemical change? (2) All the particles are equally distributed (in a set ratio).

  22. The diagrams below show a person moving a 50-kilogram object up a ramp. In which diagram is there the least amount of friction on the object? (4) The wheels and smooth surface create less friction.

  23. Which graph below shows an object slowing down? (1) Speed is decreasing over time.

  24. Note that this question has only three choices.As altitude increases, air pressure (1) decreases (2) increases (3) remains the same (1) decreases

  25. The table below shows the chemical symbols for some common elements. Based on the information in the table, which of the four substance below is a compound?(1) CO(2) He(3) Si(4) Fe (1) CO

  26. Base your answers to the following questions on the information below.Models are often used to explain natural phenomena. Develop a model to show the relationship between heat energy and the motion and position of particles in a sample of matter. Use a group of 20 students in an empty room to represent the particles in a sample of matter. How should the students be placed in the room to represent the arrangement of particles in a solid? Students should be close together and not moving.

  27. Base your answers to the following questions on the information below.Models are often used to explain natural phenomena. Develop a model to show the relationship between heat energy and the motion and position of particles in a sample of matter. Use a group of 20 students in an empty room to represent the particles in a sample of matter. What instruction should be given to the 20 student “particles” to show the addition of heat to the “solid sample of matter”? (Note: The solid is simply being heated; it should not melt.) They should stay in their position but start to vibrate more.

  28. Base your answers to the following questions on the information below.Models are often used to explain natural phenomena. Develop a model to show the relationship between heat energy and the motion and position of particles in a sample of matter. Use a group of 20 students in an empty room to represent the particles in a sample of matter. What instruction should be given to the 20 student “particles” to represent a liquid? They should stay close together but start moving around.

  29. The diagram below shows a boy observing a fish located at position B below the surface of the water. The boy sees the fish at position A. The apparent position of the fish is different from the actual position of the fish. What has happened to the light passing through the water to cause this difference?(1) reflection (2) absorption (3) compression(4) refraction (4) refraction

  30. The diagram below shows two dogs pulling on a rope with constant but unequal forces. In which compass direction will both dogs most likely move?(1) east (2) west (3) north(4) south (1) east

  31. The illustration below shows a student approaching the door to a building. Which two simple machines are being used to enable the student to reach the door? (1) inclined plane and pulley (2) lever and wheel-and-axle (3) pulley and lever (4) wheel-and-axle and inclined plane (4) wheel-and-axle and inclined plane

  32. Which graph correctly shows the effect of heat energy on the motion of molecules of matter? (3)

  33. The tiny particles that make up all matter are called (1) genes (2) atoms (3) minerals (4) cells (2) atoms

  34. The diagram below shows the relative wavelengths for several types of electromagnetic energy. Which type of electromagnetic energy has a shorter wavelength than ultraviolet waves?(1) visible light (2) microwaves (3) x rays(4) infrared light (3) x rays

  35. A television set changes electrical energy to sound and light energy. In this process, some energy is (1) created (2) destroyed (3) changed to matter (4) changed to heat (4) changed to heat

  36. Base your answers to the following questions on the graph below and on the data table. The graph shows the amounts of three solid solutes that will dissolve in 100 grams of water at various temperatures.

  37. Using the graphed data, describe the relationship between the temperature of the water and the amount of solute that will dissolve. As the temperature of the water increases, The amount of solute dissolved increases.

  38. The items listed below were found in a science classroom. • a heart made of plastic with many of its parts labeled • clay formed to look like Earth and other planets • a giant plastic plant cell with removable cell parts These items are all examples of (1) models (2) experiments (3) variables (4) controls (1) models

  39. Which graph best represents the relative distance between the particles of most substances in their solid, liquid, and gas states? (1)

  40. Which scientific model could be used to predict the properties of an element? (1) closed loop system (2) Punnett square (3) Periodic Table (4) water cycle chart (3) Periodic Table

  41. The diagram below shows a ball held in place by two blocks. The diameter (width) of the ball is shown between the two blocks. What is the diameter of the ball?(1) 6.0 cm(2) 8.0 cm(3) 14.0 cm(4) 17.0 cm 6.0 cm

  42. The diagram below shows a boulder rolling down a hill into a valley and then up the opposite hill. At which position does the boulder have the greatest kinetic energy? (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (2) B

  43. Base your answers to the following questions on the graph below, which shows the solubility (amount that will dissolve in 100 grams of water) of three substances at various water temperatures.

  44. Which statement is a correct interpretation of the data in the graph? (1) As water temperature increases, solubility decreases. (2) As water temperature increases, solubility increases. (3) As water temperature increases, solubility increases and then decreases. (4) As water temperature increases, solubility decreases and then increases. (2) As water temperature increases, solubility increases.

  45. As the water temperature is increased from 30°C to 70°C, how many more grams of substance A will dissolve in 100 grams of water? (1) 20 g (2) 40 g (3) 50 g (4) 90 g (1) 20 g

  46. Which two factors determine the gravitational attraction between two objects? (1) time and temperature (2) shape and orbital speed (3) color and hardness (4) mass and distance apart (4) mass and distance apart

  47. Base your answers to the following questions on the diagrams below and your knowledge of science. The diagrams show liquid water changing to water vapor in four different situations. Which observation would be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase change? (1) Waves form on the top of the pond. (2) Water soaks into the wet sand. (3) The water splashes out of the swimming pool. (4) The water level in the glass of water decreases. (4) The water level in the glass of water decreases.

  48. The diagram below shows a pinwheel rotating above a lit candle. The arrows indicate the direction of air flow. Which energy transformation is best shown in this diagram? (1) heat to mechanical (2) mechanical to light (3) sound to heat (4) heat to sound (1) heat to mechanical

  49. How is heat energy transferred within the liquid water in the pond? (1) compound formation (2) convection currents (3) chemical reactions (4) nuclear reactions (2) convection currents

  50. The drawing below shows a person about to lift a book using a ruler and pencil. This drawing illustrates an example of which simple machine? (1) gear (2) pulley (3) balance (4) lever (4) lever

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