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Digital Human Rights for all A experience of telecenter development in rural areas

APEC TEL 30: APEC Telecenter Workshop. Digital Human Rights for all A experience of telecenter development in rural areas. Gwo-Jiunn Huang Executive Vice President, Institute for Information Industry (III) September 19, 2004 @Singapore. Outline. Introduction

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Digital Human Rights for all A experience of telecenter development in rural areas

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  1. APEC TEL 30: APEC Telecenter Workshop Digital Human Rights for allA experience of telecenter development in rural areas Gwo-Jiunn Huang Executive Vice President, Institute for Information Industry (III) September 19, 2004 @Singapore

  2. Outline • Introduction • “Digital Divide” & its worldwide reflections • “Digital Divide” & its remedies • Government’s effort in bridging “Digital Divide” • III’s role in bridging “Digital Divide” • Closing remarks

  3. Information Society Information Society different different In 1850, jobs in the fields of Management, Professional, Technical & Services accounted for 4% of all jobs. In 1900, it became 13%. In 2000, it grew to over 50%. In 1850, jobs in the fields of Management, Professional, Technical & Services accounted for 4% of all jobs. In 1900, it became 13%. In 2000, it grew to over 50%. Location Location In 1940, jobs in the field of Manufacturing accounted for 40% and productivity accounted for 50%. In 2000, the percentage fell to 15% only. Industrial Society Industrial Society same same Agricultural Society Agricultural Society In 1820, 70% of all jobs were related to Agriculture, In 2000, the percentage fell to1.9% only. In 1820, 70% of all jobs were related to Agriculture, In 2000, the percentage fell to1.9% only. same same different different From “nuts & bolts” to “bits & bytes” • “The hand-mill gives you society with the feudal lord; the steam-mill, society with the industrial capitalist.” • In the accelerated globalization process of the last decades,“Information” and “Knowledge” have become the decisive factors in determining a nation’s competitiveness. Time

  4. ICT ICT ICT ICT ICT & the Post-Capitalism Society Globalization Knowledge-based economy Information-driven society Identity-oriented individualism

  5. Outline • Introduction • “Digital Divide” & its worldwide reflections • “Digital Divide” & its remedies • Government’s effort in “Digital Divide” • III’s role in bridging “Digital Divide” • Closing remarks

  6. “Digital Divide” • “The so-called digital divide was actually several gaps in one. There is technology divide, great gaps in infrastructure…” • “We cannot assume that such gaps will disappear on their own, …” • “Technology has produced the information age. Now it is to all of us to build an information society…” - UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan

  7. International efforts to bridge “Digital Divide” • The “Digital Opportunity Task Force” (the DOT Force)was proposed by Leaders at the G8 Kyushu-Okinawa Summit in July 2000. • The 2001 APEC meeting treatedbridging “Digital Divide” as a critical issue in its agenda, where Chinese Taipei proposed “Transforming the digital divide into digital opportunities” and was welcomed. Chinese Taipei advocated the establishment of an ADOC at the 11th APEC Economic Leaders’ meeting in Bangkok, 2003. The proposal was welcomed and reflected in the Chair’s summary. • The 2003 WSIS in Geneva listed “How Digital Divide is preventing equal sharing of opportunities concerning ICTs” as their opening meeting discussion. • and more…

  8. Russia Vietnam Peru APEC Member economies • 21 Member Economies：Australia、Brunei、Canada、Chile、China、HongKong、Indonesia、 Japan、Korea、Malaysia、Mexico、New Zealand、Papua New Guinea、Peru、Philippines、 Russia、Singapore、Chinese Taipei、Thailand、USA、Vietnam. • 3 Observers：Secretariat/ASEAN、Energy Forum(PECC)、South Pacific Forum. • 2 Guest Economies ：Pakistan、Venezuela.

  9. “The e-state we are in” APEC member economies Note： PNG and Brunei are not on the list. Source：WEF NRI, 2003.

  10. Efforts to Bridge “Digital Divide” Japan：e-Japan (2001) IT Strategy Headquarters USA：Falling Through the Net (1998) Department of Commerce UK：Closing the Digital Divide (2000) Department of Trade and Industry & PAT15 Korea：Cyber Korea 21 (1999) Minister of Information and Communication Hong Kong：Digital 21 (2001)) Information Technology and Broadcrasting Bureau *The Digital Divide Act (2001)

  11. Outline • Introduction • “Digital Divide” & its worldwide reflections • “Digital Divide” & its remedies • Government’s effort to bridge “Digital Divide” • III’s role in bridging “Digital Divide” • Closing remarks

  12. WEF NRI Rankings Source: “The Global Information Technology Report 2002-2003: Readiness for the Networked World,” World Economic Forum, 2003 “Global Competitiveness Report 2002-2003,” World Economic Forum, 2003

  13. e-Environment Status (2004) Source: TWNIC & Ministry of Transportation and Communication, 2004

  14. Unit: % 76.2% 100 Household access rate Aboriginal Haka Total PC penetration Rate 66.9% 82.6 64.2% 78.6 78.5 78.2 80 56.2% 73 73%(Taipei City) 25%(Nantou County) 66.9 35.2 71.2 71.4 = 2.92 50.3% 66.7 66.4 = 65 =1.9 48.3% 43.8% 56.2 22 42.4% 60 51.9 =2.56 48.3 22.2 47.2 45.5 35.2% =2.18 41.3 38.9 42.4 9.3 35.5 35 40 32.7 30.3 =4.56 22% 22.2% 25 20 9.3% 0 // Taipei City Taichung City Hsinchu County Taipei County Hsinchu City Yunlin County Penghu County Taitung County Chiayi County Nanton County PC penetration rate PC skills Internet skills Household Internet Access Rate 100% 97.1% Professional 96.6% Internet skills 88.2% 96.6% 95.7% Technician / assistant 87.7% PC skills 80% 84.1% 83.8% Clerical 90.9% 66% 82.8% Elected Official / Managerial 60% 61.2% 51.9% 46.4% 55.1% Service / sales 62.4% 51.4% 40% Age Divide for Internet Access Skilled = 48.8% 95.7%(professionals) 7.2%(Agricultural) 26.9% 37.2% 41.6% Mechanical / Assembly 46.4% 21% 96.6% (15-20 year old) 4.6% (61 year old) 20% 35.9% = 13.29 = 21 Non-technical labors 26.9% 5.8% 21.5% 4.6% PC skills 0% Agricultural, Animal Husbandry, Forestry and Fishing 12% 21-30 41-50 51-60 15-20 31-40 60 and over 7.2% Age group Internet skills Senior Citizens vs. Teenagers & Young Adults Blue-collared Citizens vs. Professionals Urban vs. Rural Areas Aborigines vs. Haka Mainstream Ethnic Groups “Digital Divide”Information haves & have-nots

  15. Outline • Introduction • “Digital Divide” & its worldwide reflections • “Digital Divide” & its remedies • Government’s effort to bridge “Digital Divide” • III’s role in bridging “Digital Divide” • Closing remarks

  16. Transforming “Digital Divide” into “Digital Opportunity” Creating Digital Opportunity • Service • e-Taiwan Project • NICI Program • e-Logistics Center • … • Content • Digital Content • Digital Archive • Digital Learning • National Culture Database • Impacts on • Economy • Society • Education • Human Rights

  17. Efforts to bridge “Digital Divide” e-aspects • e-technology • e-industry • e-society To achieve a e-society of full e-readiness with citizens of advanced network literacy. Individual efforts Government actions • literacy • media literacy • computer literacy • network literacy • e-awareness • e-infrastructure • e-readiness

  18. RDEC’s Telecenter development program • To provide internet spots and construct information service websites for residents in the remote districts; it enables the access to all e-Government services and information on the internet and then reduce the digital divide between the remote districts and the urban areas. Purpose • Drawing up yearly plans for reducing the digital divide. • Integrating resources from the governmental and the private sectors. • Encouraging voluntary groups to participate in the remote-district information service tasks. Measures • Accomplished the study of strategic plans for setting up public information service stations in the remote districts. • Completed the installation of 70 remote-district internet spots in 35 rural towns in 2003. • Providing subsidies to help 12 local governments and 12 organizations setting up 33 remote-district internet spots in 29 rural towns in 2004. Achievements

  19. -Achievements-Distribution of telecenters by RDEC Source: RDEC, 2004

  20. -Achievements-RDEC’s Telecenter development program 地點：嘉義縣中埔鄉灣潭村 位置：社區電腦教育研習 地點：南澳鄉立圖書館 位置：三樓電腦教室 地點：苗栗縣造橋 位置：大西村活動中心 地點：彰化縣偏遠地區 位置：上網據點推廣訓練 Source: RDEC, 2004

  21. -Achievements-Telecenters service status Source: RDEC, 2004

  22. Government’s efforts Past Now “Bridging Digital Divide Committee” is established to integrate the related tasks. Government agencies made efforts to bridge “Digital Divide” separately. NICI Council of Laborer Ministry of Interior Integrated Steering panel for bridging the digital divide Council of Aboriginal • Tasks • Bridging “Digital Divide” in remote areas • Bridging “Digital Divide” in industries • Bridging global “Digital Divide” Ministry of Education Council of Agriculture

  23. e-Opportunity Project Small and Medium Enterprises Low informatization Bridging “digital divide” in industries aged people children aborigine Least developed countries Information poor woman Bridging “digital divide” in country Bridging global “digital divide”

  24. Outline • Introduction • “Digital Divide” & its worldwide reflections • “Digital Divide” & its remedies • Government’s effort to bridge “Digital Divide” • III’s role in bridging “Digital Divide” • Closing remarks

  25. III’s mission To develop the economy as a world ICT readiness leader 3e enabler Driver of Industrial internationalization Promotion of IT industry development Think tank and consultant of government ICT policy R&D of SW technology & interoperability standards Training of IT manpower Promotion of IT applications & bridging digital divide

  26. 城鄉e起來,台灣好將來 III’s efforts to bridge “Digital Divide” • Continuously promote ICTs in remote areas and for underprivileged people based upon the philosophy of loving care. • To become an enabler for ”promoting knowledge economy, sharing e-quality, and achieving digital equality to develop as a leading economy of e-competitiveness.” • Building 100 “digital opportunity centers” to offer digital access and • learning opportunities in remote areas within 5 years. • Providing digital services in the digital opportunity centers to promote • e-learning and e-commerce. • Aggregating the task force of III and the resources from public & private • sectors to devote to the work of bridging digital divide. Major Tasks

  27. Of homes without networking, 42.7% by Choice Reasons for Not Possessing a Computer (33.1% of respondents) Reasons for Not Accessing the Internet (10.7% of respondents) • 43.8% of respondents classified as having a low level of home digitalization (either no PC or Internet access);42.7% of such homes maintain this low level by choice (unneeded / no desire to use) [(33.1%*38.1%+10.7%*57%)/43.8%=42.7%] • The question for how to close the digital divide has deepened from "able or unable?" to "why not?" Other 6.7% Can be used elsewhere 3.5% Other 19.3% Poor content 3.1% Too expensive 8.4% Facilities / environment insufficient 5.4% Unneeded / No desire to use 57.0% Unable to use 43.4% Unneeded / no desire to use 38.1% No time 7.2% Too expensive 8.0% Note: Based on March 2003 telephone survey of persons age 15 or older throughout the economy. The effective sample was 2,720. Source: Research, Development, and Evaluation Commission, Executive Yuan, compiled by MIC, February 2004

  28. Case: Digital Opportunity Center(Jhongliao, Nantou County)

  29. Digital Opportunity Center: before before renovation under construction

  30. Digital Opportunity Center: after e-education digital lounge

  31. Telecenters in 921 Earthquake Reconstruction Area

  32. III’s international efforts to bridge “Digital Divide” • Organized a delegation to attend WSIS(World summit on the Information Society) in Dec. 2003 at Geneva, • to participate in the WSIS parallel (Conference on Volunteering and ICTs) and discussed with over 100 state leaders on: ”How to deal with the new challenges in Information Society” including “how to bridge the digital divide”、”how to promote the concept of Technical Volunteer and how to train them”、”how to develop the digital contents on the Internet”, etc. • Formed a mission for int’l digital opportunities in Feb. 2004 to visit Guatemala and Swaziland, • Participated in government projects. • And more…

  33. Outline • Introduction • “Digital Divide” & its worldwide reflections • “Digital Divide” & its remedies • Government’s effort to bridge “Digital Divide” • III’s role in bridging “Digital Divide” • Closing remarks

  34. Closing remarks • Complete “e-Taiwan Project” to foster the economy as a leading one of e-competitiveness in the world • The task includes strategic perspectives of e-awareness, e-infrastructure and e-readiness; • along with the advancement of emerging e-technology, e-industries and e-society. • Encourage equal sharing of contents/cultural resources • The quality of digital opportunities for the underprivileged is upon that of the contents; • ICT can greatly help the creation of contents; it can also greatly improve the services of contents and hence encourage the equal sharing of contents/ cultural resources; hence • The development of content/cultural/creative industries must focus on both industrial volumes and social values. • Realize a society of digital equality by all means to realize digital human rights • The key to bridging digital divide is not only equipments but, more importantly, upon people; the mission is by, of and for the people; • Creating digital opportunities is a critical task to bridge digital divide; • The aspects of economy, education, society and human rights should all be taken into account. • The idea of prior digital area should be implemented. Digital divide is not just an ICT problem, but also a social one, it should be resolved by grassroots' social movements.

  35. thank you for your attentiongj@iii.org.tw

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