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John Adams

John Adams. 2 nd. 1797 – 1801. Federalist Party. Vice Presidents: Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican). Personal Life. 1735-1826 Family – Wife Abigail Adams “Remember the Ladies” Four children including John Quincy Adams who became the 6 th president.

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John Adams

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  1. John Adams 2nd 1797 – 1801 Federalist Party Vice Presidents: Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican)

  2. Personal Life • 1735-1826 • Family – • Wife Abigail Adams “Remember the Ladies” • Four children including John Quincy Adams who became the 6th president. • Career – Lawyer and Diplomat

  3. Election of 1796 Candidates • DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN • FEDERALIST • John Adams • Received 71 Electoral College votes • Thomas Jefferson • Received 68 Electoral • College votes • The Constitution stated that whichever candidate received the most electoral votes became the PRESIDENT and the runner-up became the VICE-PRESIDENT • The country had a FEDERALIST President and a DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICAN Vice President

  4. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS What kind of problems might occur with a Federalist president and a Democratic Republican vice-president? 

  5. Alien and Sedition Act • ALIEN ACT • Immigrants had to wait 14 years to become citizens (previously 5) • Immigrants could be expelled for making trouble • Kept immigrants from voting (immigrants typically supported Democratic Republicans) • SEDITION ACT • People could be fined or jailed for criticizing elected officials • Violated 1st Amendment • Sedition – activities aimed at weakening established government

  6. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Why was the government keeping close watch on immigrants?

  7. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions of 1798 and 1799 • Written by Madison and Jefferson • Declared the Alien and Sedition Act Unconstitutional • Declared that states had the right to nullify or cancel federal law within a state. • Showed that Americans feared strong central government that could interfere with their rights • This issue over STATE’S RIGHTS would continue until the Civil War.

  8. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Why did some states feel they should have more power than the central government?  Why would this cause problems? 

  9. PROBLEMS WITH FRANCE • Federalists supported Britain over France in a European conflict. • French Privateers start to impress American sailors. • IMPRESS – FORCING PEOPLE INTO FRANCE’S MILITARY SERVICE AGAINST THEIR WILL

  10. XYZ Affair • To prevent war with France, Adams sent delegates to negotiate with them. • The French minister refused to meet with the delegates. • Later, the French Minster sent 3 French agents to demand that the U.S. make a loan to France. • U.S. answered by saying “Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute.” (NO)

  11. UNDECLARED WAR WITH FRANCE • Americans were angry over the XYZ Affair. • U.S. remained neutral, but Congress strengthen armed forces. • The U.S. began to seize French ships.

  12. RESULTS • Federalists (led by Hamilton) wanted Adams’ administration to declare war with France, ADAMS REFUSED • the refusal caused the Federalist Party to split in half • In 1800, French sign a treaty promising peace.

  13. John Adams Activities • Write a five to seven sentence eulogy for John Adams. Include his contributions prior to the American Revolution, his importance in the development of the United States government, and his legacy as president.

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