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Lesson 7b: Carbohydrates

Lesson 7b: Carbohydrates. Ose – sugar Fruct – fruit Mal - bad Mono – one Di – two Herb – plant Carn – flesh Vor - eat. Carbs 17:33: http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=3092FF69-912E-493B-97DA-66FEDDCF9DC6&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US. CH 2 OH. O. H. H. H.

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Lesson 7b: Carbohydrates

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  1. Lesson 7b: Carbohydrates Ose – sugar Fruct – fruit Mal - bad Mono – one Di – two Herb – plant Carn – flesh Vor - eat Carbs 17:33: http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=3092FF69-912E-493B-97DA-66FEDDCF9DC6&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

  2. CH2OH O H H H OH H OH HO H OH Carbohydrates: Energy molecules

  3. sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar sugar Carbohydrates • Building block molecules = sugars sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar - sugar

  4. sucrose Carbohydrates • Function: • quick energy • energy storage • structure • cell wall in plants • Examples • sugars • starches • cellulose (cell wall) glucoseC6H12O6 starch

  5. CH2OH O H H H OH H OH HO H OH glucose sucrose fructose C6H12O6 maltose Sugars = building blocks -ose • Names for sugars usually end in • glucose • fructose • sucrose • maltose

  6. Building carbohydrates • Synthesis disaccharide monosaccharides | Sucrose 2 sugars linked (table sugar) | Glucose 1 sugar | Fructose 1 sugar

  7. BIG carbohydrates • Polysaccharides • starch • energy storage in plants • potatoes • glycogen • energy storage in animals • in liver & muscles • cellulose • structure in plants • cell walls • chitin • structure in arthropods & fungi • exoskeleton

  8. enzyme enzyme Digesting starch vs. cellulose starcheasy todigest cellulosehard todigest

  9. Cellulose • Cell walls in plants • herbivores can digest cellulose well • most carnivores cannot digest cellulose • that’s why they eat meatto get their energy & nutrients • cellulose = roughage • stays undigested • keeps material moving in your intestines

  10. Cow can digest cellulose well; no need to eat other sugars Gorilla can’t digest cellulose well; must add another sugar source, like fruit to diet

  11. Helpful bacteria • How can cows digest cellulose so well? • BACTERIA live in their stomachs & help digest cellulose-rich (grass) meals

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