1 / 33

Volcanoes 2

Volcanoes 2. Cyamaba Volcano, Ecuador. Learning Goals. Learn about the role of plate tectonics in causing volcanoes and learn what causes eruptions to be gentle or highly explosive. Identify the main types of volcanoes: shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes, and cinder cones.

xaviera-camacho
Download Presentation

Volcanoes 2

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Volcanoes 2 Cyamaba Volcano, Ecuador

  2. Learning Goals • Learn about the role of plate tectonics in causing volcanoes and learn what causes eruptions to be gentle or highly explosive. • Identify the main types of volcanoes: shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes, and cinder cones. • Learn about other forms of volcanic activity such as geysers, hot springs, hydrothermal vents, and geothermal energy.

  3. caldera cinder cone volcano crater geothermal energy hydrothermal vent lava magma Vocabulary Terms • magma chamber • Ring of Fire • rock cycle • shield volcano • stratovolcano • vent

  4. Volcanoes • The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 reduced the height of this mountain from 2,932 meters (9,677 feet) to 2,535 meters (8,364 feet). • Early in the morning of May 18, 1980, an earthquake triggered a landslide that caused the bulge to eject magma, water, and gases.

  5. Lava Tubes, Santa Cruz Island Galapagos, Ecuador

  6. Lava Tubes, Santa Cruz Island Galapagos, Ecuador

  7. Lava Tubes, Isabella Island Galapagos, Ecuador

  8. Solid rock melts and becomes magma under certain conditions that lower the melting point of the material. At subduction zones, water is the key for solid rock to melt and become magma. Volcanoes

  9. Most volcanic activity is found at the edges of tectonic plates, namely at divergent and convergent plate boundaries, but does not occur at transform plate boundaries. Volcanoes

  10. High viscosity lava is associated with stratovolcanoes (also called composite volcanoes). These volcanoes range in height from 500 to 10,000 meters high. Volcanoes

  11. Cotapoxi Volcano Summit, Ecuador

  12. Cotapoxi Volcano, Ecuador

  13. Laguna Cuicocha, Ecuador

  14. Crater of the Extinct Volcano Puluahua, Ecuador

  15. Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador

  16. Low viscosity, fast-flowing lava is associated with shield volcanoes. Because this lava easily flows down hill, shield volcanoes are gently sloped and flattened. Volcanoes

  17. Wolf Island, Galapagos, Ecuador

  18. Bartolome Island and Pinnacle Rock, Ecuador

  19. Sunken Crater Bartolome Island, Ecuador

  20. Cinder cone volcanoes are steep stacks of loose pyroclasts (clumps and particles of lava). Cinder cones are rarely higher than 300 meters. Volcanoes

  21. Birth of Paricutin Volcano, Mexico 1943

  22. Paricutin Volcano, Mexico

  23. Paricutin Volcano, Mexico

  24. Paricutin Volcano, Mexico 2000

  25. Lava viscosity also determines how explosive an eruption will be. Explosive eruptions occur when the lava has a lot of water and dissolved gases. Gentle eruptions are associated with fast-flowing lava from oceanic crust. Volcanoes

  26. Volcanoes also form when an oceanic plate slides under another oceanic plate. Volcanoes

  27. Hydrothermal vents are deep sea, chimney-like structures that occur along midocean ridges. Hydrothermal Vents

  28. Some gemstones are also associated with volcanic activity. For example, diamonds form at high temperatures deep underground when carbon crystallizes inside rocks called kimberlites. Volcanoes

  29. Geothermal energy is the useful product of volcanic activity. When steam from magma collects below ground, it can be tapped just like water in a well. The pressurized steam can be used to generate electricity. Volcanoes

  30. Volcanic activity results in the formation of two kinds of igneous rocks: extrusive intrusive A batholithis a large underground rock that formed when a mass of magma cooled underground. Volcanoes

  31. Key Question: Why do some volcanoes erupt explosively? Volcanoes

More Related