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Absolutism Rises in Europe

Absolutism Rises in Europe. Absolution Absolutely Absolves Absolutism. What is absolutism ?. Absolute monarch - a ruler that controls all aspects of society Philip II – Spain Louis XIV – France Maria Theresa - HRE Frederick the Great – Prussia Ivan the Terrible – Russia

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Absolutism Rises in Europe

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  1. Absolutism Rises in Europe Absolution Absolutely Absolves Absolutism

  2. What is absolutism? • Absolute monarch- a ruler that controls all aspects of society • Philip II – Spain • Louis XIV – France • Maria Theresa - HRE • Frederick the Great – Prussia • Ivan the Terrible – Russia • Peter the Great – Russia • Divine right of kings – a ruler is ordained by God to rule

  3. What’s going on in the 17th century?

  4. Philip II in Spain • Son of Charles V of HRE • Took over Portugal after the death of his uncle, King of Portugal • Gained Territory in Africa, India, and the Pacific • Took between 20-25% of all gold and silver coming from New World • “It’s good to be the king” • Spanish wealth allowed for a standing army of 50,000

  5. Still Philip II….. • Oversaw the Golden Age of Spanish Art • El Greco • Miguel de Cervantes • Oversaw the beginning of Spain’s decline • Failure of Spanish Armada • Dutch Revolt (1579) • Cruelty towards non-Catholics • Devout Catholic and Defender of the Faith • Spanish Armada (1588) • “Punish” the Protestant English • Battle of Lapento(1571) • Called on by the Pope to counter rising power of the Ottomans

  6. Louis XIV in France • Rose to power in 1661 • Weakened the power of nobles by excluding them from his coucils • Would choose from the 100 privileged nobles would help him dress each morning • Patron of the arts • Opera, ballet, and literature

  7. More on Louis • Louis built Palace of Versailles • Cost is $2 billion in 2000 • He liked to fight, A LOT!! • Attempted to conquer Netherlands • Dutch flooded the countryside • Attempted to expand East, was stopped by a league of weaker European nations

  8. Ivan the Terrible But he was a nice guy, right?

  9. Rise to Power • Ascended to the throne in 1533 at the age of three • Russia was ruled by the landowning nobles (boyars) • 1st Russian ruler to officially use the title “czar” • Married the daughter (Anastasia – not that Anastasia) of a wealthy Boyar family, the Romanovs.

  10. Two sided Ruling • Good Period • 1547-1560 • Doubled the size of Russia’s landholdings • Developed a code of laws • Ruled relatively justly • Bad Period • 1560 until his death • Began following Anastasia’s death • Believed the boyars had poisoned his wife • Formed a secret police to hunt down all who were traitors in Ivan’s eyes (dressed in black and rode black horses) • Ivan killed the boyars, and gave their land to the “new” class of nobles who owed their allegiance to him

  11. Quick cometh the end…. • In 1581, Ivan kills his oldest son because he believed his son was plotting against him • Ivan died three years later, leaving only his weak and incompetent younger son to rule.

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