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Energy & Organisms. Energy from sunlight is changed to chemical energy in plants, transfers between living organisms. Changing the environment may alter the amount of energy provided to living organisms . PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy.
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Energy &Organisms Energy from sunlight is changed to chemical energy in plants, transfers between living organisms. Changing the environment may alter the amount of energy provided to living organisms.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS • Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy.
CELLULAR RESPIRATION • Respiration converts chemical energy into mechanical and heat energy.
The path of energy begins when light energy from the sun is taken in by the plants and photosynthesized into sugars stored in the plant as chemical energy.
The path of energy continues when the deer feed on the grasses in the meadow. The chemical energy in the plant is taken in by the deer and transferred to mechanical energy for the deer to move.
The path of energy continues when the mountain lion feeds on the deer. The stored chemical energy in the deer is now passed to the lion. That energy will be used in respiration in the muscle cells to allow contraction and movement.
DECOMPOSERS & SCAVENGERS • Decomposers break down materials from living things once they are dead. They return nutrients back into the soil. • Scavengers are organisms that will feed on dead meat. This helps these materials not go to waste.
ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS • Producers make their own food while consumers rely on eating the producers. • PRODUCER CONSUMER
ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS • Predators hunt their food while prey are the hunted organisms. PREY PREDATOR
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS • MUTUALISM- a close relationship between two species where both species are benefitted. • The plover eats the decayed meat and the crocodile gets clean teeth.
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS • COMMENSALISM – One species is benefitted while the other is unaffected. The flies feed on the horse hair, but the horse is not hurt or helped.
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS • PARASITISM – One species is helped and one is harmed. Fleas live and feed in the skin of dogs. It is annoying to the dog.
COMPETITION • Here vultures and hyenas are competing for dead meat.
FOOD CHAINS • Food chains are a way to trace the flow of energy.
FOOD WEBS • Food webs are a more complex way to trace the flow of energy.
ECOSYSTEMS • Ecosystems include the biotic and abiotic factors in a habitat.
ABIOTIC FACTORS • Abiotic factors such as air, temperature, water and light have great effects on organisms like plants.
POPULATIONS • A population is the number of a particular species living in an area.
FACTORS AFFECTING POPULATION NUMBERS • Food • Size of other populations in the area • (producers, predators, competitors) • Niche • Adequate resources • Non-native (exotic species) • Abiotic factors • Toxins and pollutants
CAPACITY • The ability of an ecosystem to maintain its current condition and sustain its life forms.
Positive human effects on capacity • People help create habitats and shelter to support populations.
SAVING THE PLANET • Many organizations are now trying to protect this planet’s resources and the populations that live here.
FACT VS INFERENCE • Facts are statements that are proven • Inference is someone’s opinion based on information. • - “If everyone lived the lifestyle of the average American, we would need five planets. • - “In recent years Peru has experiences its highest economic growth ever and seen significant reductions in poverty.” • -”To the extent human pressure exceeds what nature can renew, biodiversity will contain continued threats.” • - “Ecological footprints measure the use of resources and the resource capacity of nations over time”
