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Nansen Initiative Greater Horn of Africa Regional Consultation 21-23 May 2014. Nairobi

Natural Hazards and Displacement across Borders in the Horn of Africa: The Challenges and Opportunities for Protection. Nansen Initiative Greater Horn of Africa Regional Consultation 21-23 May 2014. Nairobi. Mixed Migration.

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Nansen Initiative Greater Horn of Africa Regional Consultation 21-23 May 2014. Nairobi

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  1. Natural Hazards and Displacement across Borders in the Horn of Africa: The Challenges and Opportunities for Protection Nansen Initiative Greater Horn of Africa Regional Consultation 21-23 May 2014. Nairobi

  2. Mixed Migration The phenomenon involves increased migration, despite greater risk, in search of a better future. Movement is primarily in pursuit of physical and economic security Includes the following groups • Refugees/Asylum seekers • Trafficked persons • Unaccompanied minors • Irregular migrants/economic migrants Drivers: persecution, political turmoil, armed conflict, poverty, natural disaster, resource scarcity, climate change, population pressure, and social issues including forced marriage and cultural aspirations. Main in MM-Lack of opportunity/culture of migration.

  3. Movement (HOA) • Eastern Route • Northern Route • Western Route • Southern Route Primarily over land or sea or a combination of both. Sea is thought to be less dangerous than the over land journey

  4. Protection risks Criminal elements Migrants face physical abuse and extortion from criminal elements Terrain Death and starvation in treacherous terrain Drowning during the sea journey Disappearing migrants A vulnerable group Women are raped and sexually assaulted Kidnapping for ransom (in the desert and arrival on Yemeni Shores) Includes torture and severe mistreatment Pressure on the Diaspora and communities of origin Law enforcement Arrest , detention and deportation by authorities Destination conditions of stay and residence

  5. Challenges • Migrants versus refugees/asylum seekers (Ethiopians, Somalis, Eritreans) • Constricting borders/level of migrant intolerance/mass expulsion • Complicity/criminal elements • Rising surge in movement • Knowledge of risks involved may not necessarily act as a deterrent/migrants re-attempt their journeys • Cross border, inter-regional cooperation • Exclusionary versus regularization/management

  6. To conclude • Shift from criminal focus on the irregular migrant to elements facilitating the movement/smugglers, collusion and complicity • Migrants/refugees-should the divergence in treatment continue to exist or can a compromise be reached. • Could a comprehensive regional strategy encompassing geo-political, economic, security and human rights protection be the answer

  7. For more information The Regional Mixed Migration Secretariat (RMMS) is a regional information and data analysis hub for mixed movements in the Horn of African. • Operational since 2011 with the overarching purpose of enhancing protection for people in mixed movements. Founded by IOM, UNHCR, DRC, Intersos and the Yemen Mixed Migration Task Force. Hosted by DRC. • For more information visit our website www.regionalmms.org/subscribe stay updated @mixed_migration. Get in touch with us info@regionalmms.org

  8. Thank you for your attention Noela Barasa RMMS, Nairobi .

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