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16 Superposition and Standing Waves. Superposition of Waves Standing Waves Additional: Superposition of Standing Waves, Harmonic Analysis & Synthesis Hk: 1, 29, 33, 47, 51. Superposition Principle. Terminology.
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16 Superposition and Standing Waves • Superposition of Waves • Standing Waves • Additional: Superposition of Standing Waves, Harmonic Analysis & Synthesis • Hk: 1, 29, 33, 47, 51.
Terminology • Phase Difference: The fractional part of a period which represents the offset in peak positions of waves. • Coherence: The existence of a correlation between the phases of two or more waves such that interference effects can be observed. • Interference: The variation with distance or time of the amplitude of a wave which results from the superposition of two or more waves.
Interference • Constructive Interference: Resultant amplitude is larger than either individual wave. • Destructive Interference: Resultant amplitude is less than either individual wave.
Examples Constructive Interference: Destructive Interference:
Standing Waves …a wave in which the amplitude at a given location does not vary with time. • Amplitude is zero at fixed ends • Nodes (other places with zero amplitude) • Anti-nodes (places with maximum amplitude) Standing Wave Features:
Summary • Superposition results in interference • Interference can occur due to Path Difference • Standing Waves, and conditions for • Harmonics and Fourier Analysis • /